1. Chapter 18 Section 1 Origins of the Cold War

2. Problems building between the US and SU before and during WWII Former Allies Crash

3. Soviet Communism: State controlled all property All economic activity Totalitarian Communist Party allowed no opposition party Former Allies Crash

4. The United States: Capitalist system Private citizens controlled almost all property and economic activity Former Allies Crash

5. US furious at Stalin-Signed nonaggression pact with Hitler in 1939 Former Allies Crash

6. Key American figure in early part of the Cold War Became President when FDR died 82 days as Vice President-met with FDR only twice Truman Becomes President

7. FDR left Truman uninformed on military matters Truman Becomes President

8. With the war ending Truman would have to Make difficult military decisions Truman Becomes President

9. Truman’s 1st meeting with other major world leaders-Potsdam, July 1945 Potsdam Conference

10. Not only did the Soviets not allow free elections in Poland, but they banned democratic parties Potsdam Conference

11. Truman pushed for free elections-Stalin refused Potsdam Conference

12. Refusal to allow free elections convinced Truman that American and Soviet goals were at odds Tension Mounts

13. Americans and British opposed Soviet demands Tension Mounts

14. At odds over Eastern Europe US wanted Eastern Europe to stay open to trade Tension Mounts

15. Soviets felt justified to stay in Eastern Europe Soviets Tighten Grips on Eastern Europe

16. Stalin propped up communist governments in Eastern European nations The Satellite Nations- Soviets Tighten Grips on Eastern Europe

17. Stalin seized the industry of these nations to rebuild the Soviet Union Soviets Tighten Grips on Eastern Europe

18. US institutes a policy of Containment towards the Soviet Union United States Establishes a Policy of Containment

19. Containment Policy worked by: Creating alliances Supporting weaker nations United States Establishes a Policy of Containment

20. March 1946 Churchill gives his “Iron Curtain” speech United States Establishes a Policy of Containment

21. Conflicting US and Soviet aims in Eastern Europe led to the Cold War Cold War in Europe

22. During the Cold War, the US and Soviet Union tried to spread their economic and political influence wherever they could Eventually spread to Asia, Africa, and Latin America Cold War in Europe

23. US 1st tried to contain communism in Greece and Turkey The Truman Doctrine

24. US spent $400 million to help Greece and Turkey Truman Doctrine- The Truman Doctrine

25. After WWII, Europe was in economic chaos Marshall Plan

26. 1946-47-harsh winter Food shortages Fuel shortages Marshall Plan

27. June 1947 US Secretary of State George Marshall proposed that the US help Marshall Plan

28. Congress debated plan for several months Then… Marshall Plan

29. Invasions showed the need for congress to move quickly and help create strong, stable governments in Europe Marshall Plan

30. The Plan was a success By 1952 Western Europe was flourishing Marshall Plan

31. Europe starts to get back on its feet Western allies and Soviets arguing over German reunification Superpowers Struggle Over Germany

32. 1948-Western Zones combine into 1 nation Soviets respond by holding Berlin Hostage Berlin Airlift

33. Soviets cut off all access to Berlin No supplies could get in Berlin Airlift

34. Americans and British started the Berlin Airlift-fly food and supplies to West Berlin Berlin Airlift

35. 277,000 flights made delivering 2.3 million tons of supplies West Berlin survived Berlin Airlift

36. May 1949 West Germany becomes known as the Federal Republic of Germany with its capital at Bonn East Germany becomes German Democratic Republic with its capital in East Berlin Berlin Airlift

37. Blockade increased fear of Soviet aggression NATO

38. NATO-North Atlantic Treaty Organization An attack on one regarded as an attack on all NATO