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CHAPTER 18 SECTION 1 NOTES

Learn about the essential characteristics of chordates, including the notochord, nerve cord, and pharyngeal pouches. Explore the diverse features of vertebrates, from their endoskeleton to body temperature regulation. Dive into the world of fish, examining their unique traits and classifications.

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CHAPTER 18 SECTION 1 NOTES

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  1. CHAPTER 18SECTION 1 NOTES

  2. 3 CHARACTERISTICSOF ALL CHORDATES: 1. NOTOCHORD – FLEXIBLE ROD THAT EXTENDS ALONG THE LENGTH OF THE DEVELOPING ORGANISM 2. NERVE CORD – IN MOST CHORDATES, ONE END OF THE NERVE CORD DEVELOPS INTO THE ORGANISM’S BRAIN 3. PHARYNGEAL POUCHES – SLIT-LIKE OPENINGS BETWEEN THE BODY CAVITY AND THE OUTSIDE OF THE BODY

  3. VERTEBRATES: 1. LARGEST GROUP OF CHORDATES 2. ENDOSKELETON (INTERNAL SYSTEM OF BONES) * PROTECTS & SUPPORTS INTERNAL ORGANS (INCLUDING THE VERTEBRATE & SKULL)

  4. BODY TEMPERATURE: (1) ECTOTHERMS (COLD BLOODED) – MOST VERTEBRATES -HAVE BODY TEMPERATURES THAT CHANGE AS THE SURROUNDING TEMPERATURE CHANGES (2) ENDOTHERMS (WARM BLODDED)-HUMANS -BODY TEMPERATURE DOES NOT CHANGE

  5. FISH: *LARGEST GROUP *ECTOTHERMS *HAVE GILLS (GET OXYGEN FROM THE WATER) *FINS – PAIRS OF FAN-LIKE STRUCTURES *MOST HAVE SCALES THAT COVER THEIR SKIN

  6. TYPES OF FISH: (1) BONY – 95% OF ALL FISH HAVE BONES -MOST USE EXTERNAL FERTILIZATION TO REPRODUCE -EX…..GOLDFISH, TROUT, BASS (2) JAWLESS & CARTILAGINOUS – SCALELESS -LONG, TUBELIKE BODIES -ENDOSKELETON -ROUND, MUSCULAR STRONG MOUTH WITH A JAW -ACTS LIKE A SUCTION -TOOTHLIKE STRUCTURES JAWLESS EX…..LAMPREY CARTILAGINOUS EX……SHARKS, RAYS -MOVEABLE JAWS MOST ARE PREDATORS

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