Identifying Differences Between Plants and Animals

1. Identifying Differences Between Plants and Animals Reminder: student learning activities are at the end of this power point.

2. Next Generation/Common Core Standards Addressed! • MS‐LS1‐1. Conduct an investigation to provide evidence that living things are made of cells; either one cell or many different numbers and types of cells. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on developing evidence that living things are made of cells, distinguishing between living and non-living cells, and understanding that living things may be made of one cell or many and varied cells.] • MS‐LS1‐2. Develop and use a model to describe the function of a cell as a whole and ways parts of cells contribute to the function. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on the cell functioning as a whole system and the primary role of identified parts of the cell, specifically the nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondria, cell membrane, and cell wall.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment of organelle structure/function relationships is limited to the cell wall and cell membrane. • MS-LS1-3 Use argument supported by evidence for how the body is a system of interacting subsystems composed of groups of cells.

3. Agriculture, Food and Natural Resource Standards Addressed! • BS.01.03. Analyze the relationship and implications of bioethics, laws and public perceptions on applications of biotechnology in agriculture (e.g., ethical, legal, social, cultural issues). • Sample Measurement: The following sample measurement strands are provided to guide the development of measurable activities (at different levels of proficiency) to assess students’ attainment of knowledge and skills related to the above performance indicator. The topics represented by each strand are not all-encompassing. • BS.01.03.01.a. Research and summarize the emergence, evolution and implications of bioethics associated with biotechnology in agriculture.

4. Bell Work! • Explain the meaning of an organism and list its characteristics. • Define plant and animal. • Name and describe the life processes of living organisms. • List the similarities of plants and animals. • List and explain differences in the life processes of plants and animals.

5. Animal Cell Circulation Food Growth Life process Locomotion Organism Plant Protoplasm Repair Reproduction Respiration Secretion Sensation Terms

6. Interest Approach • Get into small groups of three or four. • Each group needs to select a chairperson and a recorder. • The role of the chairperson is to direct the group through its work. • The role of the recorder is to write down a summary of group discussion. • Each group needs to develop a list containing examples of two common plants and animals in the local area.

7. Interest Approach cont. • List the most important characteristics of each plant and animal, combine them, and then list the characteristics of plants and animals which are similar and those which are different.

8. What is an organism? What are the characteristics of organisms? • An organism is a living thing that varies in size and shape. • It is a structural unit that carries out chemical and life processes. • When the life processes stop, they die. • All organisms are unique, though they share many similarities.

9. What is an organism? What are the characteristics of organisms? • Organisms have a number of characteristics that classify them as living or nonliving condition.

10. What is an organism? What are the characteristics of organisms? • Organisms are unique and made of cells. • A cell is a unit or building block with a definite structure and function. • The number of cells in an organism varies from one to millions, depending on the size of the organism.

11. What is a plant? What is an animal? • Plants and animals have both similarities and differences.

12. What is a plant? • A plant is an organism that uses nutrients to make the food needed for life processes.

13. What is a plant? • The nutrients are taken in as a liquid. • Structural characteristics and functions allow plants to use the nutrients in making food in the appropriate environment. • Plants are in the Kingdom Plantae. • Some 350,000 species of plants have been identified on Earth.

14. What is an animal? • An animal is an organism that acquires food from other sources and has other qualities that distinguish it from plants and organisms in other kingdoms. • Animals are members of the Kingdom Animalia. • Scientists have identified nearly a million different species of animals.

15. Life Processes • All living organisms carry out life processes in different ways. • Life processes are the characteristics of organisms.

16. Life Processes • Living organisms carry out eight life processes, they are as follows: 1. Getting and using food • Food is the material that provides nourishment for a living organism. • Some organisms require food in a ready-to-use form. • Other organisms can manufacture food from nutrients.

17. Life Processes 2. Movement • Movement refers to internal processes as well as locomotion. • Locomotion is the ability for an organism to move itself from one place to another. • Movement involves a complex system of responding to stimuli.

18. Life Processes 3. Circulation • Circulation is the movement of necessary materials throughout an organism. • Animals have circulatory systems that move blood while plants have vascular systems that move water and nutrients and manufactured food.

19. Life Processes 4. Respiration • Respiration is the process by which the cells of an organism receive oxygen so that the energy in food or digested food can be released. • Respiratory structures vary among species.

20. Life Processes 5. Growth and repair • Growth processes occur from the beginning to the end of life. • Growth is increasing in size. • Growth occurs when cells become larger or multiply or specialize into organs and tissues.

21. Life Processes 5. Growth and repair • In mature organisms, most growth is the process of repairing tissues. • Repair occurs when parts of an organism wear out or are damaged and are replaced by growing new cells.

22. Life Processes 6. Secretion • Secretion is the production of substances by an organism that it needs for the living condition to occur. • Secretions are often important in how an organism carries out other life processes, such as saliva is important in good ingestion in some animals.

23. Life Processes • 7. Sensation • Sensation is the awareness of an organism to its environment and the responses it makes to it. • Organisms respond to stimuli received through their senses.

24. Life Processes • 7. Sensation • Animals have higher developed systems for sensation in five areas: vision, hearing, touch, smell, and taste. • Plants are responsive to light and deficiencies or conditions in its environment.

25. Life Processes 8. Reproduction • Reproduction processes vary but all sexual reproduction involves the union of a male and female sex cell regardless of the species involved. • Some organisms reproduce asexually, such as plants that send out runners or bulbs that divide.

26. Life Processes • Seven of the processes are essential for an organism to remain in the living condition. • Reproduction is not essential for an organism to live but is required for new members of a species to be produced. • Disruption of any of the eight processes results in organisms failing to live and reproduce.

27. What are the similarities of plants and animals? • All living organisms share similar needs and functions. • These can be used as the basis for listing similarities of plants and animals.

28. What are the similarities of plants and animals? • Plants and animals are similar or alike in several ways. • Both have life cycles. • Both carry out processes to remain in the living condition. • Both are made of cells. • Both must have food.

29. What are the similarities of plants and animals? • Animals depend on plants to manufacture food which enters the food chain. • Animals eat plants. • Upon death, the animals decompose to provide nutrients for plants.

30. What are the similarities of plants and animals? • Plants use the nutrients from the decaying remains of animals and other plants. • Nutrients in manure is also used by plants for growth.

31. What are the differences in the life processes of plants and animals? • Plants and animals differ in important ways. • The major differences are: • Plants take up nutrients in water and make their own food. • Animals ingest (eat) food and cannot make food.

32. Major differences in plants and animals. • Animals are capable of locomotion (moving about). • Plants cannot move about on their own.

33. Major differences in plants and animals. • Both plants and animals have cells but the structure varies in one important way: • Plant cells have cell walls. • A membrane is located inside the wall. • Animal cells do not have cell walls. • Cell walls provide rigidity that keep plants standing and retaining their shape. • Animals have soft membranes and have skeletons to give body shape.

34. Major differences in plants and animals. • Photosynthesis and respiration both occur in plants. • Animals only have respiration. • Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen during photosynthesis.

35. The End! NEXT: Student Learning Activities

36. Student Learning Activities • Sample tests are available in the Lesson Plan tab.

39. Name: ______________________________ Identifying differences between Plants and Animals Answer the following questions from the information on the power point. Ether fill in the blank or answer the question with a complete sentence. An organism is a living thing that varies in ______________ and _________________. What happens when with the life processes stop? __________________________________________________________________ What are all organisms made out of? ____________________________________________________________________ The number of cells in an organism varies from ___________ to ____________________, depending on the __________________ of the organism. What is a plant? _______________________________________________________________________ How do plants get their food? ________________________________________________________________________ What Kingdome are plants in? ______________________________________________________________________________

40. Some _______________________ species of plants have been identified on earth. What is an animal? ________________________________________________________________________ What Kingdome are animals in? ________________________________________________________________________ Scientists have __________________ nearly a ______________________ different species of animals. What are life processes? ________________________________________________________________________ How many life processes do organism carry out? ________________________________________________________________________ What is the first life process? ________________________________________________________________________

41. Some organisms require food in a _____________-_______-_________ form. Other organisms can ____________________ food from _________________. What is the second life process? ________________________________________________________________________ What is Locomotion? ________________________________________________________________________ Movement involves a complex system of __________________________ to _________________. What is the third life process? ________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ is the _______________________________ of necessary materials throughout an ______________________. Animals have __________________ systems that move ______________________ while plants have ________________________ systems that move ________________ and ______________________ and ________________________ food.

42. What is the fourth life process? ________________________________________________________________________ Respiration is the process by which the cells of an organism receive _________________ so that the _______________________ in _________________ or _________________ food can be ____________________. What is the fifth life process? ________________________________________________________________________ How long do growth processes occur? ________________________________________________________________________ What is growth? ________________________________________________________________________ Growth occurs when _____________ become _______________ or ________________ or ____________________________ into _____________________ and _____________. In mature organisms, most growth is the process of _________________________________________.

43. Repair occurs when parts of an organism ______________ out or are ____________________ and are _______________________ by growing new _________. What is the sixth life process? ________________________________________________________________________ Secretion is the production of _________________ by an ____________________ that it needs for the living ___________________ to occur. Give an example of how secretion is important in how an organism carries out other life processes. ________________________________________________________________________ What is the seventh life process? ________________________________________________________________________ __________________ is the _______________________ of an organism to its ____________________ and the _____________________ it makes to it. • What are the five areas of sensation that animals have?

44. Plants are responsive to _____________ and _______________________ or ___________________ in its environment. • What is the eighth life process? • ________________________________________________________________________ • How are some ways that plants reproduce asexually? • _________________________________________________________________________________  • Why is the eighth life process not essential for an organism to live? • ________________________________________________________________________ Disruption of any of the ___________ processes results in organisms ______________ to ___________________ and ______________________. List three ways that plants and animals are similar or alike. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

45. Animals depend on _________________ to __________________________ food which enters the _____________________________________. What do animals eat? ________________________________________________________________________ How do animals help plants? ________________________________________________________________________ List four ways the plants and animals differ. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

46. KEY Name: ______________________________ Identifying differences between Plants and Animals Answer the following questions from the information on the power point. Ether fill in the blank or answer the question with a complete sentence. An organism is a living thing that varies in size and shape. What happens when with the life processes stop? When the life processes stop, they die. What are all organisms made out of? All organisms are made out of cells. The number of cells in an organism varies from one to millions, depending on the size of the organism. What is a plant? A plant is an organism that uses nutrients to make the food needed for life processes. How do plants get their food?

47. Plants use the nutrients in the making food in the appropriate environment. What Kingdome are plants in? Plants are in the Kingdome Plantae. Some 350,000 species of plants have been identified on earth. What is an animal? An animal is an organism that acquires food from other sources and has other qualities that distinguish it from plant and organisms in other kingdoms. What Kingdome are animals in? Animals are members of the Kingdome Animalia. Scientists have identified nearly a million different species of animals. What are life processes? Life processes are the characteristics of organisms.

48. How many life processes do organism carry out? Living organisms carry out eight life processes. What is the first life process? The first life process is getting and using food. Some organisms require food in a ready-to-use form. Other organisms can manufacture food from nutrients. What is the second life process? The second life process is movement. What is Locomotion? Locomotion is the ability for an organism to move itself from one place to another. Movement involves a complex system of responding to stimuli. What is the third life process? The third life process is circulation.

49. Circulation is the movement of necessary materials throughout an organism. Animals have circulatory systems that move blood while plants have vascular systems that move water and nutrients and manufactured food. What is the fourth life process? The fourth life process is respiration. Respiration is the process by which the cells of an organism receive oxygen so that the energy in food or digested food can be released. What is the fifth life process? The fifth life process is growth and repair. How long do growth processes occur? The growth process occur from the beginning to the end of life. What is growth? Growth is increasing in size.

50. Growth occurs when cells become larger or multiply or specialize into organs and tissues. In mature organisms, most growth is the process of repairing tissues. Repair occurs when parts of an organism wear out or are damaged and are replaced by growing new cells. What is the sixth life process? The sixth life process is secretion. Secretion is the production of substances by an organism that it needs for the living condition to occur. Give an example of how secretion is important in how an organism carries out other life processes. Saliva is important in good ingestion in some animals. What is the seventh life process? The seventh life process is sensation.