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Ch. 4, Sec. 1 Notes – Life in the Colonies (1700s)

Ch. 4, Sec. 1 Notes – Life in the Colonies (1700s). America in the 1700s. Tremendous population growth – 250,000 in 1700 to 2,500,000 in 1775 African Americans – 28,000 to 500,000 Causes include immigration, slavery, high birthrate and scarcity of disease. Life in New England.

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Ch. 4, Sec. 1 Notes – Life in the Colonies (1700s)

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  1. Ch. 4, Sec. 1 Notes – Life in the Colonies (1700s)

  2. America in the 1700s • Tremendous population growth – 250,000 in 1700 to 2,500,000 in 1775 • African Americans – 28,000 to 500,000 • Causes include immigration, slavery, high birthrate and scarcity of disease

  3. Life in New England • Well organized towns • Long winters and rocky soil • Subsistence farming, or farming only to feed themselves

  4. Commerce in New England • Small businesses • Water power runs mills • Large towns had many artisan workers • Fishing (cod, halibut, crabs, whale) • Major trade contact with the West Indies

  5. The Middle Colonies • Fertile soil, milder climate compared to NE (bigger farms) • Cash Crops, or crops that can be sold overseas for profit (Wheat! and livestock) • Industry too (carpentry, flour making, lumbering, iron making) • Great ethnic diversity (Dutch, Swedish, mostly Germans)

  6. Southern Colonies • Warm climate, rich soil • Cash Crops include tobacco (VA) and rice (GA, SC) • Hardly any industry • Most plantations located in tidewater, or regions of flat, low-lying plains that are seasonally flooded • Backcountry, or a region of hills and forests west of the coast, farmed by smaller farmers • Slaves society

  7. Atlantic Slave Trade • Triangular Trade, an Atlantic trade relationship between American colonies, West Indies, and West Africa • Slaves mostly in the South, some in Middle Colonies

  8. The Middle Passage • Shipping of enslaved Africans to the West Indies • Around 10 million brought from West Africa

  9. Slavery in the Colonies • Most slaves worked on plantations • Overseers, or slave bosses, supervised their work • Slave codes set rules governing behavior • Brutal punishments common

  10. African Traditions Mix • Slave families torn apart when slaves are sold • Slaves developed their own culture, mixing their West African heritage with English ways of slaveholders

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