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North Africa and Southwest Asia

North Africa and Southwest Asia. Geography as a Major/Career Finish Sub-Saharan Africa Setting the Boundaries Landforms and Climate Environmental Issues Population and Settlement For Next Class: Read Chapter 8. Water availability impacts distribution patterns. Population and Settlement.

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North Africa and Southwest Asia

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  1. North Africa and Southwest Asia • Geography as a Major/Career • Finish Sub-Saharan Africa • Setting the Boundaries • Landforms and Climate • Environmental Issues • Population and Settlement • For Next Class: Read Chapter 8

  2. Water availability impacts distribution patterns Population and Settlement Figure 7.15

  3. Demographic Diversity

  4. Fertile Crescent • Pastoral Nomadism • Oasis Settlements • Exotic Rivers Settlement Patterns – Rural Oasis agriculture, Morocco Figure 7.18

  5. Agricultural Regions Figure 7.17

  6. Figure 7.19 Agricultural Landscapes Terraced fields and pasture, Northern Yemen Figure 7.20 Nile River Valley

  7. Migration and Population Patterns Labor camp, UAE Figure 7.26 Figure 7.25 “Youth bulge,” Iran

  8. Monotheistic Religions • Judaism • Christianity • Islam Cultural Coherence and Diversity Figure 7.29

  9. What are the commonalities among Judaism, Islam, and Christianity?

  10. Islam • One of the great religions of the world • 613-622 AD – Prophet Muhammad began to receive revelations from Allah (God) in the city of Mecca (Makkah) • Islamic creed parallels the Judeo-Christian tradition • Abraham, Moses, and Jesus are true prophets in Islam • Five Basic Pillars: • 1. repeated expressions of the basic creed • 2. daily prayer • 3. a month (Ramadan) of daytime fasting • 4. giving of alms • 5. at least one religious pilgrimage (Hajj) to Mecca

  11. Figure 7.28 Diffusion of Islam Figure 7.27 Makkah

  12. Reveals ethnic complexities Linguistic Diversity Figure 7.31

  13. Geopolitical Framework Figure 7.33

  14. Colonial influence • Varied ethnic identities and political aspirations • Instability • American presence • Sunnis vs. Shiites Multicultural Iraq Figure 7.39

  15. Geography of Fossil Fuels

  16. Group Assignment • What are the roots of the Arab-Israeli conflict from the a) Arab and b) Israeli perspectives?

  17. Figure 7.35 Evolution of Israel Colonial Legacies Old French capital: Algiers, Algeria Figure 7.34

  18. Challenge of the West Bank Controversial development Figure 7.36 Figure 7.37

  19. Challenge of the West Bank (cont’d) Israeli Security Barrier Figure 7.38 (b) Figure 7.38 (a)

  20. Historical Context • Palestine has been inhabited for 200,000 years • Jericho (7000 BC) • Abraham (1805 BC) • Jacob (1656 BC) • Joshua and the Battle of Jericho (1086 BC) • Alexander the Great (332 BC) • Time of Christ (30 AD) • Ottoman Empire (1516-1916 AD) • http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/middle_east/03/v3_ip_timeline/html/1947.stm

  21. Historical Evolution of Israel

  22. Palestinian Perspective: Israeli Occupation • “The roots of the conflict go back to the birth of Israel in 1948, but the major Palestinian grievances arise from the 1967 war when Israel occupied the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.” (The Guardian, London)

  23. Israeli Perspective:Palestinian Terrorist Attacks

  24. Recent Events • Death of Yassar Arafat in December, 2004 • Emergence of MahmoudAbbas as the new Palestinian leader initially re-energized the peace process • Hamas won Palestinian parliamentary elections, 2006 • Israel-Hezbollah war, 2006 • Political stalemate since

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