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What is Cancer?

What is Cancer?. Cancer: A disease that occurs through the growth of the abnormal cells, invasion and metastasis. Unlike normal cells, cancer cells continue to grow and divide and they do not die, therefore, they begin to replace normal tissues.

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What is Cancer?

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  1. What is Cancer? • Cancer: A disease that occurs through the growth of the abnormal cells, invasion and metastasis. • Unlike normal cells, cancer cells continue to grow and divide and they do not die, therefore, they begin to replace normal tissues. • The cancer cells are able spread through your body by getting into your bloodstream or lymph vessels. • The damaged DNA can be inherited.

  2. Childhood Leukemia • Leukemia is a cancer of the white blood cells. • This cancer begins in the bone marrow but can then spread through the blood, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, central nervous system, and other organs.

  3. Types of leukemia • ACUTE- • Commonly found in children, this classification occurs because the cells grow rapidly. • There are 2 types of Acute leukemia • CHRONIC- • Slowly growing abnormal cells. • Acute lymphocytic(ALL)/ non-lymphocytic Leukemia(ANLL) • The latter type of cancer ANLL is also known as Acute Myelogenous/Myeloid Leukemia.(AML)

  4. Statistics & Risks • Leukemia is so prevalent it accounts for: • 1/3 of all cancers of children under the age of 15 • 1/4 of all cancers that occurs under the age of 20 • Risks factors of childhood cancers: • Lifestyle factors- diet and harmful habits such as smoking and excessive drinking. • Genetic factors- passed down to offspring and are considered as an abnormality or deficiency in immune system. • Environmental Factors- Radiation (i.e. nuclear & electromagnetic field) & Chemicals (i.e. asbestos & cadmium).

  5. Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Exposure • Wertheimer and Leeper conducted an epidemiological study that associated leukemia with wire connections in homes and the electrical distribution line. • The U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 1996 found that the relative risk (RR) of leukemia to EMF from power lines was 1.5, which suggested the significance of risk between experimental and control group. • Years later, studies have been combined to measure the consistency of this relative ratio. • In a compiled case study, “Electromagnetic Field Exposure and Cancer: A Review of Epidemiological Evidence,” (by Clark W. Heath, Jr., MD) hypotheses were suggested to prove advances toward How EMF can promote carcinogenesis . Two kinds of data were compiled: • Epidemiological observations concerning childhood and adult cancers under different residential and occupational exposure conditions. • Experimental studies seeking reproducible evidence of carcinogenic effects arising from EMF exposure in cells, tissues and laboratory. • According to the result, there were relationships suggesting risk toward leukemia; but findings were weak and inconsistent, thus inconclusive.

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