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Pakistan’s Disaster Response Mechanism

Pakistan’s Disaster Response Mechanism. 1. Sequence. Disaster Management System. Response Mechanism. Challenges & Priority Areas. Disaster Management System. Evolution of Disaster Management System. Disaster Management Structure as per NDM Act. Federal Level. Provincial Level. Enabler.

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Pakistan’s Disaster Response Mechanism

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  1. Pakistan’s Disaster Response Mechanism 1

  2. Sequence Disaster Management System Response Mechanism Challenges & Priority Areas

  3. Disaster Management System

  4. Evolution of Disaster Management System

  5. Disaster Management Structure as per NDM Act Federal Level Provincial Level Enabler Policy Formulation PM Office Implementation

  6. Chairman NDMA Structure CoordDte Member (Ops) Member (DRR) Member (A&F) NIDM RespDte ImplDte A&P Dte R&R Dte P&IC Dte Fin Dte Log Dte Media Dte GCC ICT Dte PMU

  7. NDMA’s Role

  8. PDMA Functions • Formulation of provincial disaster management policy • Coordinate and monitor implementation of the National Policies, National Plans and Provincial Plans • Examine vulnerability of the Province to different disasters and specify prevention or mitigation measures • Lay down guidelines for preparation of Disaster Management Plans • Evaluate preparedness at all governmental or non-governmental levels • Coordinate response in event of disaster

  9. DDMA Functions • Prepare Disaster Management and Response Plan • Coordinate implementation of National / Provincial Policy and Plan • Identify vulnerable areas and take preventive measures • Ensure implementation of guidelines • Give directions for prevention or mitigation of disasters • Lay down guidelines for preparation of disaster management plans • Monitor implementation of disaster management plans • Encourage involvement of NGOs for disaster management • Ensure viability of communication systems

  10. Disaster Management Stakeholders NDMA

  11. Hazards in Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological Hazards

  12. Hazards in Pakistan Geological Hazards • Avalanches

  13. Hazards in Pakistan Man-made Hazards

  14. Response Mechanism

  15. Likely Hazard Intensity Contingency Planning Methodology Based on Bottoms Up Approach Federal Level Provincial Level District Level Collation / Coordination of District Plans Contingency Plan Framework Resources Back Up

  16. Emergency Operations Centres • Disaster Management Authorities in Pakistan have established a number of Emergency Operations Centres at all three tiers of the system • At Federal Level, there is the National Emergency Operations Centre (NEOC), Provincially, all the Provinces / Regions have established Provincial Emergency Operations Centres (PEOC) and at District level, there are District Emergency Operations Centres (DEOC) • These EOCs are mandated to analyse and coordinate disaster rescue, relief and recovery operations in their areas of responsibility

  17. Functioning of NEOC • Analyse situation based upon severity of the disaster, initial damages / losses in coordination with concerned PDMA and activate NEOC on 24/7 basis • Liaison for information management with:-

  18. Functioning of NEOC • Constant watch over Media • Regular monitoring of PMD Website for any advisories / alerts • Advisory / Alert issued to relevant stakeholders • In case any damages / disaster are reported, concerned PDMAs is asked to initiate Occurrence Report followed by SITREP on given timelines as per SITREP SOPs • After compilation of initial reports from PDMAs, NDMA issues SITREP to relevant stakeholders for information • Compilation of data & log book

  19. Functioning of NEOC • Putting relevant stakeholders on alert especially Armed Forces & USAR Teams • SMS Alerts (Roman Urdu) are generated in affected areas in coordination with concerned PDMA, PMD and PTA • Before initiating any response, the lead taken from electronic / social media is referred to concerned PDMA / DDMA for validation • Record of NGOs / INGOs, humanitarian organisations and visitors in coordination with concerned PDMA / DDMAs is maintained • Preparation of brief for high dignitaries

  20. Flow of Information • Initial Incident Reports • Daily Situation Reports • Weekly Reports • Post Disaster Reports

  21. Sharing of Information • Losses / Damages Data • Rescue / Relief Data • R&R Efforts • Weather Forecasting • Flood Forecasting • Seismology • Losses / Damages Data • Rescue & Relief Activities • River Flow Data • Canal Flow Data • Dams Data • Transboundary Water Flow Data • Satellite Imagery • Imagery Analysis • Relief Activities Data

  22. Civil Military Coordination for DM • Federal Ministries / Divisions / Departments • Technical Agencies (PMD, SUPARCO, GSP, etc) • United Nations Agencies / Donor Organisations / INGOs / NGOs / PRCS Joint Staff HQ (CM-Coord) NDMA Army GHQ Naval Headquarters Air Headquarters • Provincial Departments • United Nations Agencies, INGOs / NGOs / PRCS PDMAs Corps HQs • District Departments • INGOs / NGOs / PRCS DDMAs Division HQs / Formations

  23. Responsibility Matrix – Flood Infrastructure • Forecast Federal Level FFC NationalCoord NDMA Provincial Level PIDs National Communication by NHA ProvincialCoord PDMAs PMD / FFD Tarbela & Mangla Dams WAPDA • Riverine Flood Management • Flood Disaster Management • (All Types of Floods) • (Rescue, Relief, Recovery, Reconstruction & Rehabilitation) Railway Communication by Pak Railways CoordwithIndia PCIW Telecommunication by PTA District Coord DDMAs • Urban Flooding • Municipal Corporations / Development Authorities ofCity Governments

  24. Heatwave Preparedness • During Summer of 2015, Karachi was affected by a severe heatwave which led to many casualties, this was compounded by the fact that the public was observing the holy time of Ramadan • NDMA and other DMAs have been actively working to ensure timely preparedness and mitigation measures to combat the adverse effects of heatwaves on urbanised areas of Pakistan • Prime amongst preparedness measures undertaken include Operational Guidelines for Government Departments and the publishing of NDMA Regional Toolkit for Heatwave Management in Asian Cities

  25. Responsibility Matrix – Heatwave Infrastructure Federal Level MoHR / NHEPRN • Forecast NationalCoord NDMA Provincial Level Health Depts Hospitals ProvincialCoord PDMAs PMD District Administration • Heatwave Management • Heatwave Management – Coordination Basic / Rural Health Units (BHU / RHU) Heatstroke Treatment Centres District Coord DDMAs • Heatstroke Mitigation • Municipal Corporations / Development Authorities ofCity Governments

  26. Responsibility Matrix – Earthquake 1 2 3 4

  27. Responsibility Matrix – Tsunami 1 2 3 4

  28. Responsibility Matrix – Cyclone Infrastructure • Forecast NationalCoord NDMA National Communication by NHA ProvincialCoord PDMA Balochistan / Sindh PMD / NTCWC • Cyclone Disaster Management • (Preparedness, Rescue, Relief, Recovery, Reconstruction & Rehabilitation) • Urban Preparedness / Mitigation / Management Railway Communication by Pak Railways Telecommunication by PTA Ports & Shipping by Port Trusts & MoMA District Coord DDMAs • Municipal Corporations / Development Authorities ofCity Governments

  29. Disasters Handled by NDMA • Displacements • 2009 / 2010 • Landslides / GLOF • Attabad 2010 • Gyari 2012 • Earthquakes • Ziarat 2008 • Dalbandin 2010 • Maskhel & Awaran 2013 • Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 2015 • Cyclones • Yemyin 2007 • Phet 2010 We Learnt Valuable Lessons During the Process! • Air Crash • Air Blue 2010 • Bhoja 2012 • PIA 2016 Floods 2010 – 2017 • Drought • Tharparkar (2014)

  30. Disasters Handled by NDMA

  31. Disasters Handled by NDMA

  32. Foreign Relief Provided Afghanistan – 2014, 15 Kyrgyzstan - 2010 Japan - 2011 Turkey - 2011 Iran - 2017

  33. Overseas Relief Assistance by NDMA Nepal Earthquake - 2015 Iran Earthquake - 2017 Afghanistan Avalanche - 2015 Afghanistan (Kunduz Insurgency) - 2015 Sri Lanka Floods - 2016 Tajikistan Earthquake - 2016

  34. Strengthening of Response Mechanism • NDMA can support over 0.3 Million people across the Country • Country wide elaborate WarehouseNetwork established • Capacity building of approx 7000 persons through NIDM from 2010 to 2016 • Conduct of National Industrial Mock Exercises • National Disaster Management Simulation Exercises • Six modern Urban Search & Rescue (USAR) Teams raised in Mardan, Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Lahore, Karachi and Gilgit • Active Social Media presence established across multiple platforms • Dynamic website with Global viewership – (http://www.ndma.gov.pk/)

  35. Humanitarian Response Facilities (HRFs)

  36. CHALLENGES & PRIORITY AREAS

  37. Challenges for Disaster Management • Limited Capacity of Metrological Forecast and Early Warning System • Extreme vulnerability against floods till implementation of National Flood Protection Plan – IV • Mind set of Relief Centric Approach instead of DRR Approach • Relative weakness of Emergency Response Mechanism at District Level exerts premature pull on national resources • Local Government System needs to be involved proactively in DM • Disaster management planning is floods specific instead of multiple disasters

  38. Priority Areas for Future Progress • Consolidation of all Disaster Management Legislation in Pakistan • Provision of Dedicated Aviation Assets for Disaster Management • Establishment of National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) • Revision of National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP) and National Disaster Response Plan (NDRP) • Multi-Hazard Vulnerability and Risk Assessment (MHVRA) of priority one / most vulnerable districts

  39. Priority Areas for Future Progress • Upgradation of National Emergency Operations Centre (NEOC) • Establishment of Model DDMAs in Islamabad for further replication • Development of District Disaster Management Plans (DDMPs) • Development of Integrated Disaster Management Information System (DMIS) • Disaster Management Complex including NEOC and NIDM

  40. THANK YOU

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