Routing in delay tolerant network.

1. Future of internet…….. Routing in delay tolerant network. Presented by ApekshaBarhanpur UIN:00979295

2. OUTLINE……… What is delay tolerant network. Delay Tolerant Networks. Characteristics. DTN Approach. Bundle Concept. DTN Nodes. Internet VS DTN. Advantages. Disadvantages. Conclusion.

3. What is Delay Tolerant Network ? A delay-tolerant network is a network designed to operate effectively over extreme distances such as those encountered in space communications or on an interplanetary scale.

4. Delay Tolerant Networks….. Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks Sensor Networks Inter Planetary Networks Military Ad Hoc Networks

5. DTN Characteristics..…. No guaranteed end to end connectivity. Long & variable propagation delays. Long Queuing Delay Short Range Contact High error rates. Dynamic Network Topology

6. Delay Tolerant Networking…. • Delay-tolerant networking (DTN) is an approach to computer network architecture that seeks to address the technical issues in heterogeneous network that may lack continuous network connectivity

7. DTN Approach …… • A delay-tolerant network is an overlay on top of existing regional networks. • The overlay is called the bundle layer and is intended to operate above the existing protocol stacks in various network architectures. Ref : Delay-Tolerant networks – A tutorial by Forrest Warthman version 1.1 3/05/03

8. Bundle Concept…. • DTN makes use of bundles instead of Packets . • Bundles are also called messages. Reliable transfer of data is achieved by storing and forwarding entire bundles between nodes that are on the way to a receiver. • Besidesnode-to-node bundle retransmission, custody transfers are done Ref : Delay-Tolerant networks – A tutorial by Forrest Warthman version 1.1 3/05/03

9. DTN Nodes…. Host – Sends and/or receives bundles, but does not forward them. Router – Forwards bundles within a single DTN region and may optionally be a host. Gateway – Forwards bundles between two or more DTN regions and may optionally be a host.

10. Internet VS DTN • Is mainly based on packet switching • Nodes are continuously connected. • IP protocol is used on the network layer • Excessive network traffic in case of errors. • Uses the store-and-forwarding method . • Nodes are not connected. • Protocol stacks of all the nodes that include both bundle and transport layer. • Hop-to-hop retransmission in case of errors .

11. Advantages…. • Flexibility and Scalability. • Security. • Intermittent Connectivity • 4. Dynamic topology. • 5. Reduced Traffic.

12. Disadvantages…… Privacy Challenges. Inconsistent mobile devices. Connection interruptions. Routing protocol security. Multicasting security.

13. Conclusion …… • The DTN architecture was designed to provide communications between networks that are characterized by long delays and discontinuous end-to-end connectivity. • The store-and-forward approach introduced in DTN is a great approach which provides excellent benefits . • Hence DTN approach has a great future in the field of heterogeneous networks.

14. References http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Routing_in_delay-tolerant_networking http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delay-tolerant_networking http://www.engr.uconn.edu/~tehrani/teaching/CE_Seminar/Farahmand.pdf Introduction to Delay Tolerant Networks , Tzu-ChiehTsai. Delay-Tolerant Networks , Prof. Dr. Christian Schindelhauer. http://archive.cone.informatik.uni-freiburg.de/lehre/seminar/adhoc-w09/submissions/delay.tolerant.networks.pdf N. Laoutaris, G. Smaragdakis, R. Sundaram, and P. Rodriguez. Delay-Tolerant Bulk Data Transfer on the Internet. In Proceedings of ACM SIGMETRICS 2009, Seattle, WA, June 2009. http://www.dtnrg.org/docs/tutorials/warthman-1.1.pdf

15. THANK YOU …!!!!!!