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Modernization and its Price . Mexico During the Porfiriato, 1876-1910. The “Porfirian Persuasion”. The Political Genius of Porfirio Díaz The Ideas of Positivism The Instruments of Order Rurales Politics in the Porfiriato State Governors Jefe Políticos
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Modernization and its Price Mexico During the Porfiriato, 1876-1910
The “Porfirian Persuasion” • The Political Genius of Porfirio Díaz • The Ideas of Positivism • The Instruments of Order • Rurales • Politics in the Porfiriato • State Governors • Jefe Políticos • Maintaining the Power of the National State
The Social Structure of Porfirian Mexico • The Landholding Elite • Economic Opportunity and Privilege • The Nexus of Society and Politics • Europhile Culture • Paternalism and Coercion • Foreign Entrepreneurs • Col. William Greene and Cananea • Urban Professionals: A “Middle Class” • Dependence upon the State
The Social Structure of Porfirian Mexico • Rancheros • The Threats from Commercialized Agriculture • The Urban Working Classes • From Artisans to Industrial Workers • The Plight of the Workers • Efforts at Reform • Rarum Novarum, 1891 • “White Communism” • Employer Paternalism
The Porfiriato and Neocolonialism • Why Foreign Control? • The U.S. as a Pre-Eminent Power • Reforming Banking • Retiring the Debt (?) • The Land Survey Law, 1883 • Effects of Expropriation • A Betrayal of the Revolution of Tuxtepec? • The Dublán Convention, 1888 • Mortgaging the Future
The Porfirian Economy • The Importance of the Railroad • Mexico’s Extractive Industries • Mining Code Revision, 1884 • Subsoil Rights • Agriculture • Henequen on the Yucatán Peninsula • Olegario Molina and International Harvester • The Collapse of Mayan Culture • Cities Transformed • Workers Transformed
Structural Weaknesses • The Power of Personality • Cultural Clashes • The Campesinos and the Land • The Paradox of Development: Overproduction and Underconsumption • Compensating for Low Productivity: Keeping Costs Down • Escalating Social Tensions