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Unit Seven

Unit Seven. Study Aims Introduction Language Points Classroom Exercises Homework. Study Aims. to master the new words and useful phrases and expressions

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Unit Seven

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  1. Unit Seven

  2. Study Aims • Introduction • Language Points • Classroom Exercises • Homework

  3. Study Aims • to master the new words and useful phrases and expressions • to practise the writing skill – writing a short composition with a problem-solution pattern, and the reading skill – identifying the writer’s purpose • to see how business is involved in the matters of heart – roses on Valentine’s Day (Passage A), “Tunnel of Love” (Passage B), and the cost of open-heart surgery (Passage C)

  4. Section A A Rose is a Rose

  5. A Red, Red Rose By Robert Burns • O my luve is like a red, red rose, • That’s newly sprung in June; • O my luve is like the melodie • That’s sweetly played in tune. • As fair art thou, my bonie lass, • So deep in luve am I; • And I will luve thee still, my dear, • Till a’ the seas gang dry.

  6. Till a’ the seas gang dry, my dear,And the rocks melt wi’ the sun;And I will luve thee still, my dear,While the sands o’ life shall run. • And fare thee weel, my only luve, • And fare thee weel a while, • And I will come again, my luve, • Tho’ it were ten thousand miles.

  7. CET4 Writing Topic • Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter. Suppose you are Jill. Write a letter to your friend Li Fang. You should write at least 120 words according to the situation given below in Chinese: • 假设你的好朋友李芳是大学四年级学生，正在考虑是考研究生继续深造还是大学毕业后就踏上工作岗位。请给她写封信表明你的态度。

  8. A brief introduction of the text • The text starts with the symbol of romance ---roses, and further presents the current situation, including the production and sales problems facing the rose industry in America. • With the living costs in the US going up constantly, the costs of love and devotion have also soared. The rose selling companies have turned overseas to bring in better, fresher, and cheaper roses in order to cut down the cost of the gift of roses so the American buyers will not switch to another type of flower in times of celebration. Now imported roses are sold across the entire country. The lowered rose price is a blessing for the lovers but a great challenge for the domestic rose growers.

  9. Key Words and Expressions

  10. 1. distribute – distribution – distributor • 2. executive – execute – execution – executor • 3. circulate – circulation • 4. index – indexes/indices • 5. formula – formulas/formulae • 6. import – export • 7. unload – load • 8. replacement – replace • 9. elevator – elevate – elevation • 10. typist – type – typewriter

  11. distribute • 1) supply (goods) in a particular area, esp. to shops • 公司的目标是最终在整个欧盟发售它的产品。 • The company aims eventually to distribute its products throughout the European Union. • 2) divide and give out among several people, places, etc. • 市长给优胜者颁发奖品。 • The mayor distributed the prizes among the winners.

  12. 3) spread out through an area • The farmer distributed manure over a field. • 农民把肥料撒在田里。 • 在世界各地区，人口增长将不会均匀分布。 • Population growth will not be evenly distributed among the world's regions.

  13. out of style • out of date • 这种家具早就已经过时了。 • Such kind of furniture has long gone out of style. • opposite: • in style • 开始流行 • come into style • 在流行中 • be in style

  14. offer • vt. give; provide; hold out (to a person) for acceptance or refusal • Parents like to offer advice to their children, who usually are not willing to take it. • 父母喜欢对孩子们提出劝告，可孩子们通常都不太愿意接受父母的劝告。 • 对于他的成功，他的女朋友向他表示热烈的祝贺。 • His girlfriend offered warm congratulations on his success.

  15. discount • n. a cutting-down in the usual price • 销售经理答应给我按货价打八折。 • The sales manager promised to give me 20% discount off the price of the goods. • 我姑姑擅长讨价还价，她买东西总是能够打折。 • My aunt is good at bargaining and she always buys things at a discount.

  16. vt. make a discount • 旅游价格折价了33%。 • Tour prices are being discounted as much as 33%. • 这迫使航空公司为鼓励需求而对票价大打折扣。 • This has forced airlines to discount fares heavily in order to encourage demand.

  17. circulate • 1) (cause to) move round or through • 在这儿，你有机会四处走动，还可以随便聊天。 • Here, you have a chance to circulate and chat informally. • 假如我们的心脏很强健并且能够高效地工作，氧气就会在身体里循环流动，有助于身体组织的供氧和更新。 • If our heart is strong and working efficiently, oxygen will circulate all round the body helping to feed and renew our body tissues.

  18. 2) (cause to) spread widely • The news of the enemy's defeat quickly circulated round the town. • 敌人惨败的消息很快传遍全城。 • 要发动军事政变的谣言开始流传开来。 • Rumors of a military coup began to circulate.

  19. delivery • 1) the act of taking or giving sth. to sb., or the things taken or given • The company had just taken delivery of a new computer. • 公司刚刚收到一套新的电脑设备。 • 我们每周收到两次信。 • We had two postal deliveries each week. • 2) the process of giving birth • She had an easy delivery in the hospital. • 她在医院顺利生产。

  20. soar • 1) rise very quickly to a high level • 气温猛升到43 ºC。 • The temperature soared to 43 degrees centigrade. • 这 一事件也许会使石油价格猛升至50多美元一桶。 • The incident might also cause the price of oil to soar above $50 a barrel. • 2) (of a bird or airplane) rise high in the air while flying without moving the wings or using power • The eagle is soaring over the mountains. • 老鹰在山巅翱翔。

  21. decline • vi. move from a better to a worse position, or from higher to lower • 他老了，健康状况越来越差了。 • His health is declining now that he is old. • 虽有西方影响, 中国的古老艺术并未因此而衰落。 • The arts of China have not declined in spite of Western influence. • 电视机的价格从每台400元降到320元。 • The price of TV set declined from 400 to 320 yuan each.

  22. break • n. a chance (esp. to make things better); a piece of luck, esp. of good luck • He‘s had a good year with several big/lucky breaks. • 这一年他事事顺利，好运连连。 • 给他一个机会，他会成功的。 • Give him a break and he’ll succeed.

  23. range from … to … • meaning: vary or extend between certain limits • The increase in GDP in various provinces of the coastal region ranged from several to several dozen times. • 沿海地区各省的国内生产总值的增长从几倍到几十倍不等。 • 参加这项活动的孩子，年龄由5岁至15岁不等。 • The ages of the children who took part in the activity range from five to fifteen.

  24. account for • 1) supply the amount that is mentioned • 2) explain or give a reason for sth. • 电脑软件占我们产品种类的70％。 • 嫌疑犯不能说明那天晚上他的时间安排。 • Computer software accounts for 70% of our range of products. • The suspect couldn't account for his time that night.

  25. be on sb’s side • meaning: help sb. in achieving sth.; hold the same views as sb. • 正义在我们这一边。 • 法律不支持他们。 • Justice is on our side. • The law is not on their side.

  26. long for • meaning: want sth. very much; have a desire for sth. • 我很想喝杯冷饮。 • I’m longing for a cool drink。 • 人们渴望降价，可降价不太可能。 • Price reduction are longed for, but unlikely.

  27. Text Structure • Part I (Para. 1) General situation of rose selling industry in the US. • Part II (Paras. 2 – 6) Selling roses is no longer a beautiful experience for traditional flower shops. • Part III (Paras. 7 – 12) US rose growers are going bankrupt amid severe foreign competition. • Part IV (Paras. 13 – 14) People today will wonder about the price of roses more than before.

  28. Problem 1: • Selling roses is no longer a beautiful experience for traditional flower shops. Para. 2 • Solutions: • Example of solution: • Roses Only: The company was transformed from a traditional shop. With its headquarters in New York, its has 3 stores in New York, 1 in Canada and 5 in Spain. It plans to expand to three more U.S. cities this year. Para. 3

  29. Roses Only’s solution 1: • Well-decorated shops attract customers and make them think they can buy roses cheap there. Para. 5 • Roses Only’s solution 2: • Encourage customers to buy in dozens instead of in ones, twos and threes by cutting down the price. Para. 5 • Roses Only’s solution 3: • To cut down the cost, the company grows its own roses to sell fresh roses via overnight delivery and the company also sells other items such as balloons and stuffed animals. Para. 6

  30. Problem 2: • While discount rose retailers watch their business bloom, U.S. rose growers are going bankrupt amid severe foreign competition. Today, more than 57% of roses sold in the U.S. are grown in other countries. Para. 7 • Solutions: • Example of solution: • Johnson Flowers

  31. Johnson Flowers' solutions: Paras. 11 - 12 • 1. Working with foreign flower growers. • 2. Having a few distribution centers to sell imported roses. • 3. Widening their business area and being a representative for overseas flower producers. • 4. As a replacement for lost rose sales, the Johnsons and other growers also are starting to sell other types of flowers. • 5. U.S. growers took advantage of a recent frost which killed 25% of Colombia's rose crop. But they can not pin their hope on natural disasters.

  32. Difficult Sentences

  33. Nothing says love like a dozen long-stemmed roses on Valentine’s Day (Para. 1) • Meaning: There is no other thing that can deliver the message of love better than a bundle of long-stemmed roses on Valentine’s Day. • 没有什么比情人节的一束长茎玫瑰更能表达爱情。

  34. For rose growers, those who distribute roses, and those who sell, this year’s anticipated 7% increase in sales will be sweeter than a 5-pound box of chocolate candy. (Para. 1) • Meaning: It is expected that sales of roses this year will increase 7%. For rose growers, those who deliver roses, and those who sell, nothing can be better than the news of the increase. • 对于玫瑰花种植商、分销商及零售商来说，预计今年的销售量将增加7％， 这个数字比一盒5磅重的巧克力糖还要甜蜜。

  35. Yes, a rose is a rose is a rose. • The sentence is quoted from the famous American female writer Gertrude Stein, whose writing is characterized by repetition with slight changes. • one more example: • “Please be please be get, please get wet, wet naturally, naturally in weather.”

  36. Studies show more people are buying roses in ones, twos and threes these days. (Para. 5) • Meaning: Studies show that these days more people buy one or two or three roses at a time. • Here, the present continuous tense is used to indicate the repetition of buying roses. • 研究表明，眼下越来越多的人都是一朵、两朵、三朵地买玫瑰。 • in: (showing division or arrangement) so as to be • The teacher asked the students to sit in groups so as to have group discussion. • 请将这些书十本一包地包好。 • Please pack the books in tens.

  37. The company’s formula for success is to hold prices down by controlling every link in the rose chain. (Para. 6) • Meaning: The company’s key to success is to keep prices down by controlling every step in the whole process of the rose business. • 该公司成功的秘诀是通过其销售链的每一个环节降低成本。

  38. The trend has hurt domestic rose growers such as Johnson Flowers of California, considered to be this country’s leading producer. • Meaning: The trend that imported roses become more and more popular has hurt home rose growers such as Johnson Flowers of California, which is considered to be America’s leading rose producer. • 这一趋势损害了国内的玫瑰种植商，例如被认为是美国美国种植大户的加州的约翰逊花卉公司。

  39. The “overseas people” began unloading carnations, he says, and virtually chased U.S. carnation growers out of business. (Para. 10) • Meaning: Then “overseas people”, that is, the foreign growers, began selling carnations in large numbers in America, he says, and practically drove U.S. carnation growers out of business. • “海外人群”开始倾销康乃馨，最终迫使美国的康乃馨种植商推出该行业。

  40. All the changes are making some in the rose business long for the good old days, when neighborhood flower shops arranged and delivered every Valentine’s Day bundle of flowers. (Para. 13) • Meaning: all the changes are making some people who are engaged in the rose business want to keep the good old days, when nearby flower shops arranged and delivered every bundle of flowers on Valentine’s Day. • 所有这些变化使得玫瑰行业的一些人很怀念过去的好日子，那时附近的花店每个情人节都会安排送花。

  41. Then everybody cranes their necks to see, and wonders who sent them to her. (Para. 13) • Meaning: Then everybody stretches their necks to see what’s happening, and wonders who sent the flowers to her. • 然后每个人都伸长脖子去看，一边猜想是谁送花给她。

  42. Language Points • 1. For rose growers, those who distribute roses,… (Para. 1) • 1) supply (goods) in a particular area, esp. to shops • The company aims eventually to distribute its products throughout the European Union. • 公司的目标是最终在整个欧盟发售它的产品。 • 2) divide and give out among several people, places, etc.The groups raise money and distribute it to help those in need, mainly through social workers.

  43. 各小组筹集钱款，然后把钱分发给那些贫困的人以帮助他们，这个工作主要通过社会工作者来做。The mayor distributed the prizes among the winners. • 市长给优胜者颁发奖品。3) spread out through an areaThe farmer distributed manure over a field. • 农民把肥料撒在田里。Population growth will not be evenly distributed among the world's regions. • 在世界各地区，人口增长将不会均匀分布。

  44. 2. Supermarkets now offer convenience to the busy.(Para. 2) • offer: vt. give; provide; hold out (to a person) for acceptance or refusal • Parents like to offer advice to their children, who usually are not willing to take it.父母喜欢对孩子们提出劝告，可孩子们通常都不太愿意接受父母的劝告。His girlfriend offered warm congratulations on his success. • 对于他的成功，他的女朋友向他表示热烈的祝贺。

  45. 3. And discount rose shops help those hopelessly in love save money. (Para. 2) • discount: n. a cutting-down in the usual price The sales manager promised to give me 20% discount off the price of the goods.销售经理答应给我按货价打八折。My aunt is good at bargaining and she always buys things at a discount. • 我姑姑擅长讨价还价，她买东西总是能够打折。vt. make a discountTour prices are being discounted as much as 33%. 旅游价格折价了33%。 This has forced airlines to discount fares heavily in order to encourage demand. 这迫使航空公司为鼓励需求而对票价大打折扣。

  46. 4. …circulate among the counters and stare at shelf after shelf of roses in more than 50 colors. (Para. 4) • circulate: v. 1) (cause to) move round or throughHere, you have a chance to circulate and chat informally. • 在这儿，你有机会四处走动，还可以随便聊天。The principle is to support the crop above the ground and to allow the air to circulate freely through it. • 原则就是将庄稼从地面上支起来，让空气从中自由流通。A buffet meal is more sociable, enabling you to circulate freely. • 自助餐使你能自由走动，这更有利于与人交往。

  47. If our heart is strong and working efficiently, oxygen will circulate all round the body helping to feed and renew our body tissues. • 假如我们的心脏很强健并且能够高效地工作，氧气就会在身体里循环流动，有助于身体组织的供氧和更新。2) (cause to) spread widely The news of the enemy's defeat quickly circulated round the town. • 敌人惨败的消息很快传遍全城。Rumors of a military coup began to circulate. • 要发动军事政变的谣言开始流传开来。

  48. 5. …when the price of a dozen roses and delivery can soar as high as $150,… (Para. 5) • delivery: n. 1) the act of taking or giving sth. to sb., or the things taken or givenThe company had just taken delivery of a new computer. • 公司刚刚收到一套新的电脑设备。We had two postal deliveries each week. • 我们每周收到两次信。2) the process of giving birthShe had an easy delivery in the hospital. • 她在医院顺利生产。

  49. 6. …when the price of a dozen roses and delivery can soar as high as $150,… (Para. 5) • soar: vi. 1) rise very quickly to a high levelThe temperature soared to 43 degrees centigrade (摄氏) on July 25. • 7月25日，气温猛升到43 ºC。The incident might also cause the price of oil to soar above $50 a barrel and stay there for some months. • 这 一事件也许会使石油价格猛升至50多美元一桶，而后一直持续几个月。People in this town starved；several buildings were bombed and crime soared because you had to steal to eat.

  50. 这个镇上的人们在挨饿，几幢大楼被炸毁，犯罪事件剧增，因为只有偷窃才能吃上东西。2) (of a bird or airplane) rise high in the air while flying without moving the wings or using powerThe eagle is soaring over the mountains. • 老鹰在山巅翱翔。Inexperienced pilots get into difficulties when they are soaring. • 缺少经验的飞行员在滑翔时会遇到困难。

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