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FDR & A New Deal

FDR & A New Deal. New Deal. Brain Trust Group of lawyers, journalists, and professors Served as advisors in crafting New Deal policies New Deal ’ s Goals Relief for needy Economic Recovery Financial Reform. First 100 Days. March 9 – June 16, 1933 Congress passed 15 pieces of legislation

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FDR & A New Deal

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  1. FDR & A New Deal

  2. New Deal • Brain Trust • Group of lawyers, journalists, and professors • Served as advisors in crafting New Deal policies • New Deal’s Goals • Relief for needy • Economic Recovery • Financial Reform

  3. First 100 Days March 9 – June 16, 1933 • Congress passed 15 pieces of legislation • Closed all banks & passed Emergency Banking Relief Act • Treasury department would inspect all banks • Only sound banks would re-open

  4. Continued help for Banks • Glass – Steagall Act – 1933 • Established the Federal Insurance Corporation (FDIC) • Provides insurance for individual bank accounts up to $5000 • Federal Securities Act • Corporations needed to provide complete information on stock offerings • Made companies liable for any mis-information • Created Securities & Exchange Committee • Significance: • Reassures people’s faith in banks & stock market

  5. Housing & Home • Home Owners Loan Corporations (HOLC) • Provided government loans to individuals who faced foreclosure • Federal Housing Administration • Continues to furnish loans for mortgages • Significance: Helps stop the foreclosure cycle

  6. Fireside chats • Radio chats regarding public concern • Wanted to explain to the public his New Deal plans • Result: People began to reinvest money & aided economy

  7. New Deal Programs

  8. 2nd New Deal

  9. FDR & Supreme Court • Supreme Court began to rule certain programs unconstitutional (AAA & NIRA) • WHY? Court felt Executive Branch was getting too powerful • FDR proposes “court-packing bill”--> REJECTED • Ironic Result: FDR was able to appoint 7 new justices due to resignations

  10. New Deal Under Attack • Policy of Deficit Spending • Spending more money than government receives in revenue • Attacked by Liberals (Democrats) • Argued New Deal failed to help poor & economy enough • Attacked by Conservatives (Republicans) • Too much government control & direct relief • Fr. Charles Coughlin & Dr. Francis Townsend • Huey Long & “Share-Our-Wealth”

  11. 2nd New deal’s Goals • Wanted to continue success of 1st 100 days • Aimed to help the individual • Farmers, Laborers, Families • 2nd AAA created

  12. Eleanor Roosevelt • Urged FDR to help individual families • Strong ties to humanitarian efforts • Tremendous influence on FDR Do what you feel in your heart to be right- for you'll be criticized anyway. You'll be damned if you do, and damned if you don't. - Eleanor Roosevelt

  13. 2nd New Deal Programs

  14. New Deal & Society

  15. New Deal Effects on Variety of Groups • Women • FDR named several women to government positions • Francis Perkins 1st woman named to Cabinet (Labor) • African - Americans • A. Phillip Randolph organized 1st black trade union • Mary McLeod Bethune work closely with NYA and organized a “Black Cabinet” • Marian Andersen performs at Lincoln Memorial • Who do you think is playing a large role aiding these changes?

  16. New Deal Effects on Variety of Groups • Mexican - Americans • Mostly were agricultural workers who looked to New Deal for support • Native Americans • John Collier & Indian Reorganization Act • Big shift in political philosophy • Changed from assimilation to autonomy • Focused on 3 areas: Political, Economic, Cultural

  17. New Deal Coalition • Consisted of southern whites, urban groups, African-Americans, and industrial workers • Aimed policies to help these groups • Group’s support helped FDR & Democrats dominate politics through the 1940s

  18. 1930s Society • Radio & Movies helped people escape • Gone with the Wind • War of the Worlds (Orson Welles)

  19. Represents the artwork of the time Federal Art Project paid artists to reproduce • American Gothic • - Grant Wood 1930.

  20. Impact of New Deal

  21. Lasting Impact of the New Deal • Expanding Government Role in Economy • Protecting Workers’ Rights • Long Lasting Social Implications • Benefits to Environment

  22. Expanding Government Role in Economy • FDIC & SEC regulate banking & stock market • Creating federal jobs • Attempting to regulate supply & demand (AAA) • Policy of deficit spending

  23. Protecting Workers’ Rights • National Labor Relations Board • Still mediates disputes between management & workers today • Collective bargaining • Set new standards for wages & hours • Banned child labor • Women could organize

  24. Social Implications • Social Security Act • New Deal Coalition • Diverse group of minorities who through FDR’s New Deal began to support Democrat party for 1st time

  25. Benefits to Environment • CCC & TVA • AAA

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