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Exploring FDR's New Deal: Programs, Reactions, and Legacy of the 1936 Election

This overview examines Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal initiatives, including the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA), Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). It also highlights reactions to these programs from various voices, including the Liberty League and figures like Father Charles Coughlin, and Populist leaders. We delve into the political landscape leading to the 1936 election, the formidable New Deal coalition, and the implications of FDR's Court Packing plan, questioning whether the New Deal represented an evolution or revolution in American governance.

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Exploring FDR's New Deal: Programs, Reactions, and Legacy of the 1936 Election

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  1. FDR and the NEW DEAL New Deal Programs Voices of Reaction 1936 Election New Deal Coalition Court Packing Plan Legacy?

  2. NEW DEAL PROGRAMS • Federal Emergency Relief Adm. (FERA) • $500 m., cash relief to unemployed • Against work ethic, ended 1935 • Federal Deposit Insurance (FDIC) • Fed insured bank deposits up to $5000 • Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) • Public power utilities in rural Tenn. Valley • Security and Exchange Com. (SEC) • Joseph Kennedy: oversaw stock & bond market • Businesses must publish financial report

  3. VOICES OF REACTION • The Liberty League: conservative business • New Deal violates free enterprise • They called it “Communism.” Many Dems • Father Charles Coughlin: radio show • Populists: free silver, nationalize banks • Francis Townsend: old age pension • Over 65 gets $200 per month to spend • Huey Long: “Share the Wealth” • Home, car, radio, and income for all • Confiscate millionaire’s wealth

  4. Huey Long of Louisiana

  5. SECOND NEW DEAL • Democrats win 1935 mid-term elections huge • Works Progress Administration (WPA) • Harold Ickes: 10 years, $6 billion: major projects • Golden Gate, Boulder Dam, Key West road, • Social Security: 3 parts: pension over 65 • Unemployment, and welfare. Payroll tax “insurance” • Wagner Act: established union rights • Fair Labor Standards: minimum wage • African Americans: not benefited as well • But 40% do get aid, 70% vote Democratic • Eleanore Roosevelt: helped many groups • “My Day:” helped African Americans, more liberal

  6. Eleanore Roosevelt

  7. 1936 ELECTION • Union Party: Lemke, Townsend, Coughlin • Republicans: Alfred Landon of Kansas • FDR Victory: 523 to 8 to O • New Deal Coalition: New Democratic Party • unions, blacks, city workers, rural farmers • Court Packing Plan: Supreme Court • 50 federal judges, 6 supreme justices • Failed, but wins in long term • Legacy: Evolution or Revolution? Reform • & relief, not recovery. New political coalition.

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