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Course Topics:

Course Topics:. Antecedents to Chiropractic Practice Chiropractic History and Development Antecedents to Chiropractic Philosophy Metaphysical Constructs Biological Constructs. Antecedents to Chiropractic Philosophy. Metaphysical Constructs. Pythagoras:. Philosophy - the

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Course Topics:

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  1. Course Topics: • Antecedents to Chiropractic Practice • Chiropractic History and Development • Antecedents to Chiropractic Philosophy Metaphysical Constructs Biological Constructs

  2. Antecedents to Chiropractic Philosophy Metaphysical Constructs

  3. Pythagoras: • Philosophy - the “love of wisdom” (or the love of “discourse”)

  4. Philosophy is like working at a massive jigsaw puzzle: our inability to put the puzzle together does not lie in the fact that certain pieces are missing, but rather that we do not know how they fit together- what the finished picture should look like.

  5. There are 15 dots. Where does a 16th dot “fit?”

  6. Where does a 16th dot fit?

  7. What is the missing letter? ciltee_nieln

  8. What is the missing letter? intelli_ence

  9. What is the missing letter? intelligence

  10. Philosophy provides a template, or a paradigm to use in understanding how facts relate; this gives meaning to reality

  11. Philosophy is not “knowledge of new fact” but is “new knowledge of fact”; a deeper, more profound knowledge of the facts we already have, and a way to integrate new facts that are discovered with what we already know

  12. Philosophy: • “An attempt, using reason alone, to gain an understanding of ourselves and of the world we live in. It is a search for what is the best kind of life to lead and what ideals are best worth pursuing.” S. M. Engel, The Study of Philosophy

  13. “The purpose of philosophy: To enhance our understanding of life, to ennoble our minds, and to make our hearts better.” Richard Taylor, American scholar and philosopher

  14. Philosophy’s Main Areas: • Metaphysics • Ethics • Epistemology • Logic • Aesthetics

  15. Philosophy’s Main Areas: • Metaphysics • Ethics • Epistemology • Logic • Aesthetics

  16. Metaphysics: • Ontology- nature of being or reality • Cosmology- origin and structure of the universe • Teleology- study of first causes

  17. Karl Sabbagh (Author of The Riemann Hypothesis): The human brain and its products are incapable of understanding the truths about the universe “Our brains may never be well-enough equipped to understand the universe and we are fooling ourselves if we think they will.”

  18. Metaphysical Doctrines:(Ontology) • Materialism • Idealism • Dualism

  19. Materialism: (aka “physicalism”) • all about matter • mind/spirit/soul is an aspect of or function of the brain/body • can become dogma- scientific “exclusionism”

  20. Idealism: • Mind/spirit is reality, but immaterial in nature • Objects of perception (matter) are only ideas of the perceiving mind • Matter is a creation of mind

  21. Mind/spirit= immaterial • Not a physical phenomenon • No location, no physical properties • Not limited by time/space

  22. Mind/spirit= essence (not physical) • Eternal, unchanging, transcendent • Concept more basic than phenomenon

  23. Examples: 7, seven, VII, seiben acorn, sapling, tree, stump embryo, fetus, child, adult, corpse The concept, not the symbols, is the essence, or reality

  24. Dualism: • Attributed to Descartes • Reality has two elements (mind and matter) and functions on two levels (mental and physical)

  25. Two “types” of Dualism: • “property” dualism • “substance” dualism

  26. Materialistic or physicalistic metaphysics tended to lead to “property” dualism: • Mind is a “property” of the body; it is epiphenomenal; mind does not cause bodily activities; it is an effect of them

  27. “property” dualism: • Body gives rise to the mind • So, when the body dies, the mind ceases to exist • The mind is to the body as smoke is to fire

  28. Idealistic metaphysics tended to lead to “substance” dualism: • Mind, distinct from the body, is a real substance which can cause things to happen by acting

  29. “substance” dualism: • The mind can exist independent of the body (i.e., after death) • Tends to support a theistic view; mind becomes equated with the soul or spirit

  30. “The brain is not the mind-it is that which is used by the mind.” Edgar Cayce

  31. The dilemma: what is the relationship between body and mind? • How can matter (body) affect the immaterial (mind)? • How can the immaterial (mind) affect matter (body)?

  32. Descartes had no ultimate answer to the body/mind problem • BJ Palmer labeled this the “Great Divide” and attempted to resolve this with the Triune of Life

  33. Intelligence (mind) gives the form • Matter/energy (body) expresses form • Force (interaction) links intelligence with matter BJ: this is “Bridging the Great Divide”

  34. This could be termed dualistic interactionism: • The body and the mind are mutually interactive and interdependent; one can’t exist without the other

  35. Metaphysical statements: • “only matter, never mind” (materialism/physicalism) • “only mind, never matter” (idealism)

  36. Metaphysical statements: • “mind from matter” (property dualism) • “mind in matter” (substance dualism) • “mind and matter” (mind/body) (dualistic interactionism)

  37. “Words of wisdom on this topic:

  38. “our ideas about the objective character of the physical world, and hence of the nature of truth, have been revised. In other words, mind looks less psychic and matter looks less materialistic…” Max Delbruck, Nobel Prize-winning scientist

  39. “Physics was given the task of examining the physical world. And its job is complete. It’s examined the physical world and found that there’s nothing there.” David Finkelstein, Astrophysicist

  40. “There is nothing; and even if there were, we couldn’t know it; and if we knew it, we couldn’t communicate it.” Gorgias, 4th Century B.C. Greek philosopher

  41. “The world itself, it is said by some, is … an inkblot in which different people see different forms, symptomatic of the psychology of their own fantasizing minds.” Dr. Joseph Campbell

  42. “Today there is a wide measure of agreement, which on the physical side approaches unanimity, that the stream of knowledge is heading toward a non-mechanical reality; The universe begins to look more like a great thought than a great machine.” Sir James Jeans (1937)

  43. “…there are plenty of pieces to play with, … (but ultimately) we know now for sure that we do not know at all what matter is. It is not even clear where we should draw the line around a set of phenomena and say ‘these are to do with material things’.” Graham Cairns-Smith

  44. “If the universe is a universe of thought, its creation must have been the action of thought.” BJ Palmer

  45. Einstein on the most important question facing the human race: “Is the universe friendly?”

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