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Understanding the Scientific Method: A Step-by-Step Guide for Students

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herve
28 diapositives · 422 Views · Jul 19, 2014

This interactive notebook outlines the seven steps of the scientific method, helping students engage with scientific inquiry. It covers choosing a problem, researching, developing hypotheses with IF-THEN statements, writing procedures, testing hypotheses, organizing data, and stating conclusions. Additional sections provide examples, brainstorming sessions, and tips for controlling variables. This resource serves as a practical tool for students to apply the scientific method in real-world scenarios and enhance their learning experience through various interactive formats.

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Understanding the Scientific Method: A Step-by-Step Guide for Students
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  1. Science Notebook Bell Work 8/9/13 (page 8 of your IN) • What is the left side of your IN (Interactive Notebook) used for? • Give at least 3 examples! Bell Work Thinking Maps Reflections Diagrams (your own) Real world applications Summaries Exit Tickets Poems, songs Cartoons Foldables Lab analysis

  2. TABLE OF CONTENTS 8/8/13 Interactive Notebook Introduction 7 8/9/13 Scientific Method 9

  3. The Scientific Method • Seven steps: • Choose problem • Research problem • Develop hypothesis • Write procedures • Test hypothesis • Organize data • State conclusions

  4. 1. Choose a Problem • What do you want to learn more about? • Ask a specific question • Example: • Do plants need water to grow?

  5. 2. ResearchYour Problem • How can you find the answer to your question? • Research! • Library • Internet • Adults • Your own background knowledge!

  6. What do you think the answer to your question will be? Hypothesis- A statement that tries to explain a relationship between two variables THE 3. Develop a ….. They’re sisters…

  7. Use the words IF and THEN Example: IF you water a plant more, THEN it will grow taller IF IFIFIFIFIFIFIFTHEN THEN THEN Still Developing Hypothesis…

  8. What’s Yo’ Problem?? • In order for the scientific method to help you solve a problem, the problem must be a specific one. For example, if you want to learn about water conservation, you need to focus on a particular problem, such as, “Does washing dishes by hand use less water than a dishwasher?” • Once your problem has been identified you can then gather information in order to state your hypothesis. A hypothesis can be best described as an educated guess. A hypothesis for the above problem might be: “Washing dishes by hand uses less water than a dishwasher.” Be that as it may, a hypothesis needs to be written with an IF and THEN statement. Therefore, the above hypothesis could be re-written as: “IF you wash dishes by hand instead of using a dishwasher, THEN you use less water.” Instructions: • You will be given a topic to write in your IN. For the topics given, you need to choose a problem, and then develop a hypothesis. The blank spaces need to be filled in by you, and you then need to choose a problem and develop a hypothesis. The hypothesis needs to be written as an IF and THEN statement.

  9. What’s Yo’ Problem?? Brainstorm topics!!

  10. Bell work 8/12/13 1. What are the seven steps of the scientific method? • Choose problem • Research problem • Develop hypothesis • Write procedures • Test hypothesis • Organize data • State conclusions

  11. 4. Write Procedures • How will you test your hypothesis? • List materials • List each thing that you will do • Number each step • Write down EVERYTHING you will do • Anyone should be able to replicate your experiment

  12. 5. TestYour Hypothesis • Obtain materials • Conduct experiment • Follow your procedure… exactly • Be sure to control your variables • Variable- • Anything that can be changed or manipulated during an experiment • Example: • Type of plant, amount of water, sun exposure, etc

  13. Controlling Variables • You need to know exactly what you are testing… • …You have to control EVERYTHING • Three different types: • Independent variable • Dependant variable • Control variables

  14. Who should be able to replicate your experiment?

  15. Independent Variable • Independent variable- • The variable that you are changing or testing • Example hypothesis: • IF you water a plant more, THEN it will grow taller • Water is the independent variable • It will always be the IF portion of your hypothesis

  16. Dependent Variable • Dependent variable- • Changes in response to the independent variable • The variable you are measuring • Example hypothesis: • IF you water a plant more, THEN it will grow taller • Plant height is the dependent variable • It will always be the THEN portion of your hypothesis

  17. Control Variables • Control variables- • Variables that are unchanged throughout the experiment • Example hypothesis: • IF you water a plant more, THEN it will grow taller • Controlled variables: • Soil, age of plant, type of plant, amount of sunlight, etc..

  18. How How many types of variables are there in an experiment?

  19. If you have the new breath mint after eating a crabby patty, THEN you will not have bad breath. Group B New breath mint Breath

  20. 6. Organize Data • Organize data into the following: • Tables • Charts • Graphs • Draw pictures • Take photos

  21. 7. State Conclusions • What did you see, hear, smell, taste, etc? • Qualitative data • Data that can’t be measured • This baby has perfect teeth • What does your numerical data show you? • Quantitative data • Data that can be measured • This baby is 86 cm long

  22. State Conclusions • Decide what your data tells you about your hypothesis • Decide how your hypothesis might change based on your results • Evaluate your strengths and weaknesses • Communicate your results with others!

  23. Scientific Method Song • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MV8lSmIo4Ac

  24. What conclusion did Mr. Krabs come up with?

  25. What conclusion did Patrick come up with?

  26. What conclusion did Mr. Krabbs come up with?