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Bell Work 10/30/13

Bell Work 10/30/13. Take out your summary about your “Journey to the Center of the Earth” On the next blank OUTPUT page, draw a comic strip of your journey. It must be at least 3 scenes. Share!!. Plate Tectonics. We will be taking a look at the Earth in 2 different ways….

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Bell Work 10/30/13

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  1. Bell Work 10/30/13 • Take out your summary about your “Journey to the Center of the Earth” • On the next blank OUTPUT page, draw a comic strip of your journey. • It must be at least 3 scenes

  2. Share!!

  3. Plate Tectonics

  4. We will be taking a look at the Earth in 2 different ways… • Composition- what the Earth’s layers are made of • Physical Structure- Layers of the Earth based on their movement

  5. Let’s have a slice!!

  6. Composition of the Earth Crust Mantle Core

  7. The Crust • The outermost and thinnest layer of the Earth • Only 1% of the Earth’s volume! • Oceanic Crust: • Crust beneath the ocean • High Density • 12-25 miles thick • Continental Crust: • Crust beneath the continents • Low Density • 2-4 miles thick

  8. The Mantle • Located underneath the crust • More dense than the crust • Mostly a solid (like silly putty) • 80% of the Earth’s volume • ***Convection Currents found here!

  9. The Core • Center of the planet • Composed of iron (Fe) and Nickel(Ni)

  10. Layers of the Earth Song http://www.cleanvideosearch.com/media/action/yt/watch?v=Q9j1xGaxYzY

  11. Now that we know the layers… These layers are grouped by their physical properties • Lithosphere • Asthenosphere • Mesosphere • Outer Core • Inner Core

  12. Physical Structure of the Earth Crust Lithosphere Asthenosphere Mesosphere Mantle Outer Core Core Inner Core

  13. Lithosphere- the crust and upper layer of the mantle • Rigid rock • Asthenosphere- Area that of the middle mantle • Plastic rock • involved in tectonic movement, plates “float” • Mesosphere- area of the mantle under the asthenosphere • Rigid rock

  14. The Outer Core • The outer core is so hot (4,000 degrees F to 9,000 degrees F) that the metal elements are molten, which means they are liquid. • Composed of iron and nickel • The outer core is 2,300 km thick

  15. The Inner Core • The innermost part of the Earth and is 1200km thick (size of the moon) • Composed of iron • Over 9000 degrees F • …… but it’s a SOLID???!!!! • The melting point of materials vary depending on the pressure. • The extremely high pressures in the Earth's inner core drive the melting point of the iron up beyond the temperature that occurs in the inner core.

  16. How to remember the 5 physical Structures of the Earth…in order • Using the hand method

  17. 1st Layer LITHOSPHERE

  18. 2nd Layer ASTHENOSPHERE

  19. 3rd Layer What would three scared foreigners say if they don’t speak english and are trapped under two of Earth’s physical structures? MESOSPHERE (ME SO FEAR)

  20. 4TH Layer What was Lincoln know for saying? Four SCORE and 7 years ago. (Outer)

  21. 5th Layer • No you’re not hardcore unless you have been to the… INNER CORE

  22. Quick Quiz Label each of the 3 layers of the Earth (composition!)

  23. Bell work 10/31/13 On your desk: P.R.I.D.E card I.N. Pencil/Pen Draw two slices of the Earth! • Label the layers of composition. • Label the layers of physical structure.

  24. How to remember the 5 physical Structures of the Earth…in order • Using the hand method

  25. 1st Layer LITHOSPHERE

  26. 2nd Layer ASTHENOSPHERE

  27. 3rd Layer What would three scared foreigners say if they don’t speak english and are trapped under two of Earth’s physical structures? MESOSPHERE (ME SO FEAR)

  28. 4TH Layer What was Lincoln know for saying? Four SCORE and 7 years ago. (Outer)

  29. 5th Layer • No you’re not hardcore unless you have been to the… INNER CORE

  30. Density The density of the Earth increases as you move towards the core! • Density DEMO!! Which is the most dense? Lease dense?

  31. Where is it the hottest? • The Earth gets hotter as you go deeper! • Crust ( ~347o F) • Mantle (~2280o F) • Outer core (~7000o F) • So hot that the rocks actually melt! • Inner core (~10,800o F) • So hot that the rocks melt BUT so much pressure that they remain a solid!

  32. Why is the Interior so hot? • It contains radioactive isotopes. • Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium • Their nuclei break up (decay) releasing energy as they become smaller nuclei. • Earth is huge…so there is a lot of energy being released.

  33. PLATE TECTONICS • Has the Earth always looked like it looks today?? • NO! • The plates have moved… BUT HOW????????

  34. …but they think it might be due to convection currents. Found in the mantle! Scientists aren’t quite sure… Convection currents are caused by the very hot material at the deepest part of the mantle rising, then cooling, sinking again and then heating, rising and repeating the cycle over and over.

  35. Convection Currents • When the convection currents flow in the mantle they also move the crust. • A conveyor belt in a factory moves boxes like the convection currents in the mantle moves the plates of the Earth. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p0dWF_3PYh4 • http://www.cleanvideosearch.com/media/action/yt/watch?v=Kpoko_l34ZE

  36. Let’s see this in action!  Water rises because it’s less dense… then cools and sinks as it becomes more dense. http://www.cleanvideosearch.com/media/action/yt/watch?v=7xWWowXtuvA

  37. On your desk: P.R.I.D.E card I.N. Pencil/Pen Convection Current HW Bell work 11/1/13 • How hot is the inner core of the Earth? • 10,800 degrees F • Why is it so hot inside the Earth. **Be specific!! • It contains radioactive isotopes. • Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium • Their nuclei break up (decay) releasing energy as they become smaller nuclei.

  38. Aren’t plates for eating on??

  39. PLATE TECTONICS • Plate Tectonics- • theory that explains the formation and movement of earth’s plates • Continental Drift- • Alfred Weggener’s theory that continents were once joined in a single supercontinent, which then broke into pieces that moved apart. • Move 0.4 to 6.3 in. per year

  40. Evidence of Continental Drift • Many fossils matched up perfectly once the continents were put together. • The continents also fit together like puzzle pieces. • But how could continents move? (Hint: the beaker with food coloring on a hot plate!) convection currents!!

  41. convection currents

  42. The movement of the Earth’s plates cause… • The creation of new crust • The destruction of old crust

  43. Sea-floor Spreading • Would you expect the middle of the ocean to be its deepest point? • Why or why not?

  44. Ridges

  45. Mid-Ocean ridges are found in the Ocean

  46. Mariana Trench Lowest point on Earth. 35,798 ft below sea level. Mount Everest from space. Highest point on Earth 29,028 ft above sea level. What happens when plates run into plates?

  47. Subduction • Trench- • as a plate sinks through a subductionzone, it bends forming a depression in the ocean floor. • What is the deepest point in the ocean? • Mariana’s Trench

  48. The movement of the Earth’s plates cause… • Sea-floor spreading- creates new oceanic crust at mid-ocean ridges. • Subduction-destroys old oceanic crust at subduction zones.

  49. 3 Different Types of Boundaries http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/ess05.sci.ess.earthsys.boundaries/tectonic-plates-and-plate-boundaries/

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