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The New Psychology

The New Psychology. Structuralism and a Crash course in German. Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920).

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The New Psychology

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  1. The New Psychology Structuralism and a Crash course in German

  2. Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) • Studied conscious experience by examining its structure or components parts (sensations, feelings) using individuals who were trained in introspection. This "school of psychology" became known as structuralism. • The Founding Father of modern • Psychology or experimental psychology.

  3. Voluntarism • Voluntarism: The idea that the mind has the capacity to organize mental contents to higher level thought processes.

  4. Mediate vs. Immediate • Mediate and immediate experiences: Mediate experience provides information about something other than the elements of that experience; immediate experience is unbiased by interpretation. • Mediate: provides us with information other than the direct thing we’re looking. Mediate experience and data are obtained via measuring devices and thus is not direct.

  5. Introspection • Examination of one’s own mind to inspect and report on personal thoughts and feelings.

  6. KZH ILR YTO LOL KFC JFK Nonsense Syllables

  7. Hermann Ebbinghaus (1850-1909) • Nonsense syllables: syllables presented in a meaningless series to study memory processes.

  8. Nonsense Syllables • More rapid forgetting during the first hours following learning and slower thereafter • Overlearning (continuing to study past mastery) decreased the rate of forgetting. • Distributed practice was more effective than massed practice

  9. Franz Brentano (1838-1917) • Mental Acts Brentano’s System of Psychology, which focused on mental activities (e.g., seeing) rather than mental contents (that which is seen).

  10. Carl Stumpf (1848-1916)aka Music Guy • Phenomenology • Stumpf’s introspective method that examined the experience as it occurred and did not try to reduce experience to elementary components. Also an approach to knowledge based on unbiased description of immediate experience as it occurs, not analyzed or reduced to elements.

  11. Van Osten Pfungst and Stumpf Clever Hans

  12. Oswald Kulpe(1862-1915) • Science is my Bride • Imageless Thought: meaning in thought can occur without any sensory or imaginal component. • Mental set

  13. Systematic Experimental Introspection: • Kulpe’s introspective method that used retrospective reports of subject’s cognitive processes after they completed an experimental task..

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