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Integrity of Science Image Data Issues and emerging standards

Kirsten Miles P.I. Outcomes . Integrity of Science Image Data Issues and emerging standards. Image Data Manipulation . Best Practices in managing Image Data :. Discuss image data issues with your P.I. early on to establish procedures. Preserve the original for future access.

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Integrity of Science Image Data Issues and emerging standards

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  1. Kirsten Miles P.I. Outcomes Integrity of Science Image DataIssues and emerging standards

  2. Image Data Manipulation Best Practices in managing Image Data: • Discuss image data issues with your P.I. early on to establish procedures • Preserve the original for future access • Record/document all changes to image, be able to replicate your actions

  3. Including That Extra Step • Including the steps used to prepare image for publication has not been standardized yet, and therefore there are few instructions for doing so. • The following slides demonstrate strategies for automating the task in three heavily used software packages, in order to reduce the time factor of preparing and including this information.

  4. The Audit Trail – a powerful tool: An Audit Trail can be enabled to track each step in a manipulation process, in Adobe Photoshop, ImageJ, and in ImagePro. It must be enabled in each of the software packages in order to record replicable steps used to process images prior to publication. Enabling the audit trail provides the most exact record of image manipulations, to maintain the integrity of image data for the scientific record.

  5. The Audit Trail in Adobe Photoshop The Edit History Log can be enabled to track each step in a manipulation process, in Photoshop. • It must be enabled in the General Panel of Photoshop Preferences • To read the history log for an image that is open and active, or from the File menu in Bridge when the image is selected, choose: >File > File Info > History >File > File Info > Advanced* *If detailed was not selected when the image was created, limited information can be gained here

  6. Adobe Edit History Log To enable the history file; Edit>Preferences>General Panel>History Log Choose: Metadata> detailed

  7. EHL examples

  8. The Audit Trail in ImagePro The Audit Trail Log can track each step in a manipulation process, in ImagePro. It must be enabled in the Preferences Panel of the ImagePro Edit drop down menu.

  9. Adobe Edit History Log To enable the audit trail log; Edit>Preferences> Select: Generate audit trail log

  10. Audit Trail Log examples

  11. The Audit Trail in ImageJ ImageJ is a public domain image processing program developed at the National Institutes of Health, designed with an open architecture. Metadata has to be created using the macro to “Record”, which records all activity , and cut and pasted into a text file for a session log. Instruction are at this link and in the notes of this slide.

  12. Who needs this information? • The researcher, in order to answer any questions about image data. • The journal, depending on the author’s instructions • The reader, and potential future researcher, in order to be able to build on the shoulders of your research. • Data sharing means the potential to repurpose data is real, and accuracy important.

  13. What about author guidelines?

  14. Print and online aids 1. Examples of journal guidelines • Rockefeller University Press (Journal of Cell Biology & 3 other journals)http://jcb.rupress.org/misc/ifora.shtml > scroll to Image Manipulation • Nature journals (34 journals) http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/image.html • Web resource:http://mend.endojournals.org/misc/itoa.shtml#digital

  15. 2.Professional guidelines • Council of Science Editors, CSE’s White Paper on Promoting Integrity in Science Journal Publications — see“3.4 Digital Images and Misconduct” http://www.councilscienceeditors.org/editorial_policies/whitepaper/3-4_digital.cfm

  16. Office of Research Integrityhttp://ori.dhhs.gov/ • Guidelines for data management http://ori.dhhs.gov/education/products/RCRintro/c06/0c6.html • tools for examining images and other digital data (see “Forensic tools”) http://ori.dhhs.gov/tools/> “Forensic Tools” in left menu on home page • guidelines for conducting inquiries http://ori.dhhs.gov/misconduct/> “Handling Misconduct” in left menu on home page

  17. Final Words • Inform yourself thoroughly about the image data guidelines of your: • Journal, institution, lab, and adviser • Follow proactive guidelines even if your journal doesn’t expect them yet! • The onus is on you to know the boundaries in your field, institution, and publication venues. • Be prepared to respond to a wider scrutiny.

  18. Contact information Please contact us with any questions, comments, or requests for training, webinars, or presentations: Kirsten D. Miles P.I. Outcomes kdm3d@virginia.edu / 434-960-5193 http://scienceimageintegrity.org/ Addeane S. Caelleigh UVA School of Medicine asc8f@virginia.edu/ 434-982-6571

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