Sustainability by Design NEW 490/CCE 491/CCE 591 3:00-6:50pm, Thursdays, 101 Carmichael Hall

1. Sustainability by DesignNEW 490/CCE 491/CCE 5913:00-6:50pm, Thursdays, 101 Carmichael Hall Dr Joe Brown, LEED AP joebrown@bama.ua.edu Office: 101A Carmichael

2. What this class is all about • Green building for commercial and residential • Theory and practice • Primarily based on the LEED framework developed by the US Green Building Council • Alternative residential building (e.g., rammed earth, strawbale, cob) will also be covered • Service learning through experience with local low-income housing organizations • To ground theory • To expose you to actual building projects • Design, materials, project planning, costs, construction • To use as the basis for our class projects • To expose you to the real-world constraints associated with: • Providing low-cost housing for people who need it • Making green innovation cost-effective and therefore possible in Alabama, especially for the poor

3. The syllabus • Note that the course website is evolving • Readings and powerpoints will be up as we go • Note schedule and assignments due • More on these next time • Class is only once per week; note that participation (including attendance at lecture) is critical

4. Two main parts to the class • Theory/design • LEED • Other natural building techniques/green materials • Practical/hands-on • HERO • Arboretum

5. To do before the next class • Readings • Pre-test: http://www.surveymonkey.com/s.aspx?sm=EDrHJHgL_2fpmNiLM8CjdFrQ_3d_3d • Complete schedule: • http://www.doodle.com/wwet5ycbawrhcc9i

6. Before next class (cont) • Readings: • Kim et al. (1998) – attached to email to class • Also available here: http://www.umich.edu/~nppcpub/resources/compendia/ARCHpdfs/ARCHdesIntro.pdf • USGBC site: review kinds of LEED and become familiar with the process

7. LEED • Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design • Meant to encourage sustainable practices in the built environment • Used by architects, engineers, design professionals (e.g., interior designers) • Most LEED Accredited Professionals (LEED AP) are architects, so the language of LEED sounds a little foreign to engineers at first • Developed by the US Green Building Council • Evolving over time: is becoming more recognized and used • THOUSANDS of LEED projects in the USA to date • Few in Alabama, but interest is growing • Main barrier is cost-effectiveness in the short term (more on barriers later)

8. Kinds of LEED • LEED for New Construction (LEED-NC) • LEED for Homes (in development) • LEED for core and shell (LEED-CS) • LEED for commercial interiors (LEED-CI) • LEED for existing buildings (LEED-EB) • LEED for schools, retail, healthcare • LEED for neighborhood development • We’ll focus on LEED-NC and LEED-Homes • But philosophy and principles are very similar

9. LEED levels • In the LEED frameworks, projects can attain different levels of certification by accumulating credits • LEED (basic) • LEED silver • LEED gold • LEED platinum • LEED platinum is the greenest • This is a normative scale that encourages green innovation • LEED certification adds value to buildings, saves money and energy, and promotes a healthy environment • By the way, buildings can be LEED certified. People get LEED accredited (become a LEED AP) by taking an exam on the LEED process and construction principles.

10. LEED credits • LEED credits are categories of design innovation that contribute to a projects points in the system • Each credit has 1 or more points; the silver-gold-platinum system has to do with the number of points the building scores • Points are awarded for design elements in the following categories: • Sustainable sites (14 possible points) • Water efficiency (5 possible points) • Energy and atmosphere (17 possible points) • Materials and resources (13 possible points) • Indoor environmental quality (15 possible points) • Innovation and design (5 possible points) • This course will introduce you to these categories, the ranking system, and how buildings can be improved to meet the maximum number of points in the LEED scale to achieve sustainable design • Since our projects have to do with sustainable housing, we’ll use LEED-Homes for that • LEED-NC is much more widely used and will be useful for you to know as an engineer or designer

11. LEED for low-cost housing • There are Habitat projects around the US that are attempting to incorporate LEED • Barriers are: • Cost effectiveness ($100 per square foot or less) • Contractors may not be familiar with alternative materials and methods • E.g., 2x6 interior walls to allow for more insulation • Organizational or professional inertia: easy to continue, hard to change

12. And now, the slick presentation by the US GBC about LEED-NC • Supplement what you see here with the readings • There’s a great deal about LEED and green design on the internet • Lots of excitement about this right now • Plenty of information out there, so start familiarizing yourself with the basics

13. OVERVIEW RATIONALE USGBC LEED CONCLUSION PERCEPTION Test

14. OVERVIEW RATIONALE USGBC LEED CONCLUSION REALITY Test

19. STEWARD this market transformation OFFER expertise USGBC EDUCATE the industry and the public PROVIDE tools FORUM for industry dialog Test

23. Test

24. OVERVIEW RATIONALE USGBC LEED CONCLUSION What is the LEED System? Scores are tallied for different aspects of efficiency and design in appropriate categories. For instance, LEED assesses in detail: 1. Site Planning 2. Water Management 3. Energy Management 4. Material Use 5. Indoor Environmental Air Quality 6. Innovation & Design Process LEADERSHIP in ENERGY and ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN A leading-edge system for certifying DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, & OPERATIONS of the greenest buildings in the world Test

25. OVERVIEW RATIONALE USGBC LEED CONCLUSION Levels of LEED Ratings Green Buildings worldwide are certified with a voluntary, consensus-based rating system. USGBC has four levels of LEED. Test

27. What is green building? Design and construction practices that meet specified standards, resolving much of the negative impact of buildings on their occupants and on the environment. Site Planning Indoor Environmental Quality WaterManagement Material Use Energy Test

28. Sustainable Sites

29. Efficient Water Use

30. Energy & Atmosphere

31. Materials & Resources

32. IEQ

33. Innovation

34. immediate & measurable Test

36. Increased productivity_5

37. OVERVIEW RATIONALE USGBC LEED CONCLUSION Additional Construction Costs for LEED-certified buildings Average for offices and schools, based on 40 buildings Conventional Building Cost (100%) Additional Cost 6.8% PLATINUM(2 buildings) GOLD(9 buildings) 2.2% SILVER(21 buildings) 1.9% CERTIFIED(8 buildings) .66% Test