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Write to Communicate

Write to Communicate. 4. 4.1 Identify the Central Point 4.2 Write Inverted Pyramid Stories 4.3 Write the Body of Stories. 4.1 Identify the Central Point. GOALS. KEY TERMS. central point five W’s and H lead summary lead descriptive lead question lead quotation lead

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Write to Communicate

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  1. Write to Communicate 4 4.1 Identify the Central Point 4.2 Write Inverted Pyramid Stories 4.3 Write the Body of Stories

  2. 4.1 Identify the Central Point GOALS KEY TERMS central point five W’s and H lead summary lead descriptive lead question lead quotation lead direct address lead surprise lead free writing • Identify the central point of a news story. • Explain how to write leads. CHAPTER 4

  3. Identify the Central Point • The central point is the most important piece of information the writer wants to get across to the reader. • Once you establish a central point, it becomes easier to write a clear and succinct story. • Five W’s and an H • Who? What? When? Where? Why? and How? • All questions should be answered in story. • Which question is the most important? CHAPTER 4

  4. CHECKPOINT • How do you identify the central point of a story? CHAPTER 4

  5. The Five W’s and H Questions CHAPTER 4

  6. Leads • Summary leads • Alternative leads • descriptive lead • question lead • quotation lead • direct address lead • surprise lead CHAPTER 4

  7. Free Writing • Free writing is an exercise many professional writers employ to get ideas out of their heads and onto the screen or paper. CHAPTER 4

  8. CHECKPOINT • What is the lead of a news story? CHAPTER 4

  9. 4.2 Write Inverted Pyramid Stories GOALS KEY TERMS inverted pyramid style wire services Linotype copy Associated Press style • Understand inverted pyramid construction. • Apply Associated Press style to stories. CHAPTER 4

  10. The Inverted Pyramid • All the most important information is at the top, in the lead paragraph. • Subsequent paragraphs provide additional information in order of importance. CHAPTER 4

  11. The Upside-Down Approach CHAPTER 4

  12. CHECKPOINT • Explain how to write an inverted pyramid story. CHAPTER 4

  13. Apply Journalistic Style • Journalistic style for print and electronic news — Associated Press Style • Journalistic style for broadcast news • Grammar, punctuation, spelling and word usage CHAPTER 4

  14. Basic Rules • Begin sentences with a subject and a verb • Use active verbs • Use adverbs sparingly • Use adjectives, but use them sparingly • Use punctuation to control the flow CHAPTER 4

  15. CHECKPOINT • Why do all journalists follow the same style? CHAPTER 4

  16. 4.3 Write the Body of Stories GOALS KEY TERMS narrative style hourglass style focus style nut graph kicker • Identify narrative, hourglass and focus styles. • Understand how to achieve tightly written stories by writing short. CHAPTER 4

  17. Narrative, Hourglass and Focus Styles • Three ways of organizing news and feature stories other than the inverted pyramid are the narrative, hourglass and focus styles. CHAPTER 4

  18. Narrative Style • Storytelling style • Chronological order • Dialogue • Beginning, middle and end CHAPTER 4

  19. Hourglass Style • The top • Beginning of the story • Includes the summary lead and three or four paragraphs giving the most important news • The turn • Transition paragraph • Tells the reader that the narrative will begin • The narrative • Bottom part of the story • Told chronologically with a beginning, middle and end CHAPTER 4

  20. Focus Style • Lead that focuses on a person, place or situation • Nut graph states the central point of the story • Body develops the central point in as many paragraphs as needed • Kicker is the conclusion CHAPTER 4

  21. CHECKPOINT • What are the three parts of an hourglass structure? CHAPTER 4

  22. Writing Short • Organize and focus • Tips for writing short • Use active voice • Go after details and use them • Use simple sentences • Use precise words • Prune clutter out of sentences • Use quotations sparingly • Vary the length of sentences CHAPTER 4

  23. Checklist for Writing Short • Do the research and reporting. You need as much information for a short story as for a long one. • Organize or outline. Don’t just empty your notebook. • Simplify every sentence. Use clear nouns and strong, active verbs. • Cut clutter. Remove all extra words and phrases. • Use the best quotes. They are the ones that move the story forward. • Be precise with words and details. Say “now,” not “currently”; say “202,” not “about 200.” CHAPTER 4

  24. CHECKPOINT • Name three things you can do to write short. CHAPTER 4

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