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Learn about communication options, definitions, risks for otitis media, symptoms, and facilitating listening in children. Understand how to reduce background noise and enhance speech discrimination and comprehension. Engage in interactive activities to practice these methods.
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SPED 537 ECSE Methods:Multiple Disabilities Deborah Chen, Ph.D. California State University,Northridge April 24-25, 2006
Communication Options • Aural/oral (listening and speech) • Simultaneous communication (speech and manually coded English) • Bilingual/bicultural (American Sign Language as the first language and English as a second language)
Definitions • Cued Speech • American Sign Language (ASL) • Manually Coded English or Signed English • Contact signing or Pidgin Signed English (PSE) • Fingerspelling
Activity • Break up into small groups • Select recorder and facilitator • Discuss benefits and challenges of selected communication method for child who is deaf and his/her family • Share back to class
Who is at Risk for Otitis Media? • Young children (b-6yrs) • Family history • Infection before 12 months of age • Cleft palate • Certain syndromes • Exposure to cigarette smoke • Poor hygiene • Out-of-home-care • Colds, respiratory infections
Otitis Media with Effusion (OME) • May cause hearing loss 15 - 40dB • Average loss 25dB • Affects sound discrimination, differentiating intonation, attention • May affect later language learning
Symptoms of Otitis Media • Fever • Crying • Tugging at ear • Discharge from ear • Irritability • Dizziness • Restlessness • Loss of appetite • Loss of energy • Hearing loss
Facilitating Listening • Increase signal to noise ratio • Seat child 3-5 feet from speaker • Get child’s attention before speaking • Stand still when speaking to child • Stand away from window to reduce glare
Reduce Background Noise • Create areas for small group activities • Install carpets and window coverings to absorb sound • Close doors and windows • Ask children to be quiet when group instructions are being given • No music during talking or listening activities • Provide headsets for listening to music or stories
Characteristics of Motherese • Exaggerated intonation • Animated facial expression • Gestures • Short phrases • Repetition
Speech Discrimination/Comprehension Activity • Write down 1 question that you want to ask a classmate and one word with high frequency sounds- Do not show anyone • Pair up • One person (listener) puts in earplugs • The other person (speaker) stands 10 feet away with a cover (2 sheets or paper or folder) over the mouth and under the nose • Ask question in a quiet voice • Wait for a response and then say the word
Activity (contd) • The listener replies if she heard the question and also repeats the word • If he/she did not hear, speaker moves closer to 6 feet and repeats question and word • Change roles