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Anderson et al 1995

Anderson et al 1995. G.A.M. Background. What are the problems with prior research? Archival research cannot test theories to explain “why” heat increases aggression because many variables do not exist in archive (such as arousal, affective, cognition)

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Anderson et al 1995

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  1. Anderson et al 1995 G.A.M.

  2. Background • What are the problems with prior research? • Archival research cannot test theories to explain “why” heat increases aggression because many variables do not exist in archive (such as arousal, affective, cognition) • Laboratory research has produced sometimes inconsistent results for a variety of reasons • Laboratory research has focused on behavioral dependent variables only, and rarely investigated anger, negative affect, and hostility • What is the purpose of the present research? • The purpose is to identify a general theory of affective aggression (rather than a specific theory derived mainly to deal with temperature and aggression) • The purpose is to identify a general theory that includes a whole range of variables (rather than only specific variables such as in prior research)

  3. Their Model • Which models does it draw upon? • Cognitive Neoassociationistic Model • Negative Affect Escape Model • Excitation Transfer Theory • What are parts of their model? • Level 1 – Basic inputs (situational variables) • Level 2 – Cognition, Affect, Arousal • Level 3 – Primary Appraisal (automatic, fast, little cognitive effort) • Level 4 – Secondary Appraisal (thoughtful and effortful, if time/resources) • Outcome = Behavior • How does temperature apply to this model? • See page 437-438

  4. Present Research • What are they testing in their studies? • Temperature as IV • Three routes as DV (cognition, affect, arousal) • NOT measuring behavior, they said leave that for later research (?). • Experiment 1 • 2 (frustration: low v. moderate) x 3 (temperature: normal, warm, hot) • Frustration manipulated by joystick in normal or inverted • Temperature manipulated by heating system and air conditioner • Measured three routes • Cognition – scales • Affect – scales • Arousal – heart rate and blood pressure • Experiment 2 • 3 (temp: normal, warm, hot) x 3 (time: before, immediately after, 20 min) • Measured three routes • Cognition – scales • Affect – scales • Arousal – heart rate and blood pressure

  5. Beyond the research • What are the similarities between their model and other models? • What are differences between their model and other models? • What are problems with their research?

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