1 / 24

Medical Terminology

Medical Terminology. Musculoskeletal System Chapter 11. Functions. support and protect internal organs bones body movements joints and muscles blood forming function (hematopoiesis) bone marrow mineral storage. Long Bones. diaphysis, epiphysis compact bone, medullary cavity

inari
Télécharger la présentation

Medical Terminology

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Medical Terminology Musculoskeletal System Chapter 11

  2. Functions • support and protect internal organs • bones • body movements • joints and muscles • blood forming function (hematopoiesis) • bone marrow • mineral storage

  3. Long Bones • diaphysis, epiphysis • compact bone, medullary cavity • spongy bone, erythropoiesis and leukopoiesis • periosteum, osteoblasts

  4. Other Bones • Short - cancellous bone • Irregular • Flat

  5. Skeleton 206 bones • Axial Skeleton • 80 bones • skull, spinal column, ribs, sternum • protects major organs of nervous, respiratory, and circulatory systems

  6. Skeleton • Appendicular126 bones • upper extremities and shoulder girdle • protects organs of digestion, excretion, reproduction

  7. Vertebral Column • vertebrae - 26 • cervical - 7 • thoracic - 12 • lumbar - 5 • sacrum - 1 • coccyx - 1 • intervertebral disks

  8. Ribs and Sternum • 12 pairs of ribs, costals (cost/o) • sternum , breast bone • xiphoid process • thoracic cavity

  9. Shoulders • pectoral or shoulder girdle • clavicle or collarbone • scapula

  10. Humerus • Radius • Ulna Arms Radius Ulna

  11. Phalanges • carpals • metacarpals • phalanges Metacarpals Carpals

  12. Pelvic (Hip) Girdle • ilium - upper, blade shaped • ischium - lower and posterior • acetabulum - hip socket • symphysis pubis - anterior portion • sacrum • coccyx

  13. Joints (articulations) • Diarthroses, amphiarthroses, synarthroses • ligaments bones to bones • tendons muscles to bones • synovial membrane and fluid

  14. Functions of Muscles • hold the body erect • make movements possible • move food, fluids and other body structures through ducts • propulsion of blood • contraction of bladder • muscle movement produces about 85% of heat generation

  15. Attachments • fleshy attachments • muscle fibers arise from bone • fibrous attachments • connective tissue (epimysium, perimysium, endomysium)to form a tendon • aponeurosis - large area of fibrous attachment

  16. Types of Muscles Three types of muscle tissue - described according to their function. • striated, voluntary • smooth, unstriated, involuntary, visceral • cardiac, involuntary • Striated in appearance, smooth in action

  17. Pathology - Bones • osteomyelitis • bone infection • hematoma, ankylosis, necrosis • Paget’s disease (osteitis deformans) • chronic inflammation of bones

  18. Fractures • closed or simple • open or compound • complicated • comminuted • impacted • incomplete • greenstick

  19. Osteoporosis • Decrease on bone density • bone pain, commonly in the back

  20. Spinal Disorders • scoliosis • kyphosis • lordosis • spina bifida • spina bifida occulta • spina bifida cystica • spondylitis

  21. Joints • arthritis • rheumatoid • osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease) • gouty arthritis

  22. Muscles Myasthenia gravis acetylcholine (neurotransmitter) Muscular dystrophy genetic, atrophy

  23. Oncology • Osteomas • sarcoma • fibrosarcoma • lymphosarcoma • chondrosarcoma • Ewing’s sarcoma

  24. End of Lesson

More Related