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Lecture 11 Muscular System III: Appendicular Muscles

Lecture 11 Muscular System III: Appendicular Muscles. Muscles That Move the Pectoral Girdle. Fig. 12.4. Elevation - levator scapulae, trapezius (superior part), rhomboideus Depression - trapezius (inferior part), serratus anterior, pectoralis minor. Origin - axial skeleton

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Lecture 11 Muscular System III: Appendicular Muscles

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  1. Lecture 11Muscular System III:Appendicular Muscles

  2. Muscles That Move the Pectoral Girdle Fig. 12.4 Elevation - levator scapulae, trapezius (superior part), rhomboideus Depression - trapezius (inferior part), serratus anterior, pectoralis minor Origin - axial skeleton Insertion - scapula and clavicle

  3. Muscles That Move the Glenohumeral Joint/Arm • Pectoralis major (flexes shoulder) and Latissimus dorsi (extends shoulder) • antagonists Fig. 12.4

  4. Muscles of The Arm • Deltoid • abduction of shoulder • antagonist of Pectoralis major and Latissimus dorsi Fig. 12.5 • Rotator cuff • Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis

  5. Arm and Forearm Muscles Fig. 12.8 Fig. 12.7 • Flexors on anterior side of humerus • Biceps brachii, Brachialis • Brachioradialis is a synergist in elbow flexion • Extensors on posterior side of humerus • Triceps brachii

  6. Forearm Muscles Acting on Wrist and Hand Fig. 12.11 Pronation - Pronator teres Supination - Supinator & Biceps brachii Flexors of wrist - Flexor carpi radialis & Flexor carpi ulnaris, Flexor digitorum

  7. Forearm Muscles Acting on Wrist and Hand Fig. 12.13 Extensors of wrist - extensor carpi radialis & extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum

  8. Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle • Gluteus maximus • extensor of the hip • backswing of leg during walking • lift of leg when climbing stairs • generates most force when thigh is flexed to trunk at 45º Fig. 12.15

  9. Muscles of the Knee Joint/Leg Fig. 12.17 Fig. 12.18 • Iliopsoas • flexor of hip • Adductors • adductor of thigh • laterally rotate thigh • Quadriceps femoris • prime extensor of knee • attaches to tibial tuberosity • Hamstrings • flex knee • extends hip with Gluteus maximus

  10. Muscles of the Leg Fig. 12.21 Fig. 12.22 • Gastrocnemius & Soleus • calf muscles • attach to calcaneus by Achilles tendon • flex foot

  11. Review Question If you bruised your gluteus maximus, then you would expect to experience discomfort when Flexing your knee Extending your hip Medially rotating your hip Adducting your thigh All of the above

  12. Points to Remember • Muscles that move the pectoral girdle also stabilize it • Muscles that move the humerus originate from the scapula and axial skeleton • Muscles of the forearm that act as flexors and extensors are organized into flexor (anterior) and extensor (posterior) groups • Most muscles that move the femur originate from the pelvic girdle • Muscles that move the femur and tibia and fibula are organized into extensor (anterior), flexor (posterior) and adductor (medial) groups

  13. Questions?

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