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INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS PS 145 MR DOUG PERKINS TODAY’S AGENDA Administrative Stuff Concept of the Day Web Sites of the Day Map Stuff Talk about the News Concept of the Day State-Level Analysis ADMINISTRIVIA Take Roll Extra Credit Opportunities

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INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

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  1. INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS PS 145 MR DOUG PERKINS

  2. TODAY’S AGENDA • Administrative Stuff • Concept of the Day • Web Sites of the Day • Map Stuff • Talk about the News • Concept of the Day • State-Level Analysis

  3. ADMINISTRIVIA • Take Roll • Extra Credit Opportunities • EC due by last Thursday of finals week • Exam Next Tuesday! • Study guide to you TOMORROW • No monster here! • You are responsible for book AND lecture • Will include book stuff, concepts, web sites, and maps and related info

  4. POLITICAL CLEAVAGES • Why is politics about one thing and not another? • Why do we identify with one group and not another? • A Couple of Cool Concepts: • Reinforcing Cleavages • Cross-Cutting Cleavages • How does this help us explain world events? • Examples of each?

  5. WORLD NEWS CONNECTION

  6. CIA WORLD FACTBOOK

  7. INTRO TO AFGHANISTAN Afghanistan was invaded and occupied by the Soviet Union in 1979. The USSR was forced to withdraw 10 years later by anti-communist mujahidin forces supplied and trained by the US, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and others. Fighting subsequently continued among the various mujahidin factions, but the fundamentalist Islamic Taliban movement has been able to seize most of the country. In addition to the continuing civil strife, the country suffers from enormous poverty, a crumbling infrastructure, and widespread land mines. Ethnic groups:Pashtun 38%, Tajik 25%, Hazara 19%, minor ethnic groups (Aimaks, Turkmen, Baloch, and others) 12%, Uzbek 6% Religions:Sunni Muslim 84%, Shi'a Muslim 15%, other 1% Languages:Pashtu 35%, Afghan Persian (Dari) 50%, Turkic languages (primarily Uzbek and Turkmen) 11%, 30 minor languages (primarily Balochi and Pashai) 4%, much bilingualism

  8. SYSTEMS-LEVEL ANALYSIS • “…adopts essentially a “top-down” approach to studying world politics [and that] there are behavioral tendencies that the actor countries usually follow.” (p50) • Structural Characteristics • Vertical vs. Horizontal • Who are the actors? States, IGOs, NGOs, MNCs • Power Relationships • Unipolar? Bipolar? Mulitpolar? • Multiple dimensions (political, economic, military, cultural) • Changes in Power • Changes in the source of power • Changes within the actors • Balance of Power politics • These changes have effects!

  9. The United States and its Unipolar Delusion: Implications for US-Russia RelationsTed Hopf, Ohio State University • American Delusions of Absolute Security • American Universalism • The Military-Industrial Complex Lives, and Votes • The Unipolar Disease • How Russian Foreign Policy Can Help Cure the Disease (THIS IS ALSO AN EXAMPLE OF HOW NATIONAL CULTURE CAN BE THOUGHT TO AFFECT FOREIGN POLICY)

  10. STATE-LEVEL ANALYSIS • State-level analysts concentrate on what countries fo and how they decide which policy to follow. • Systems Level: The Structures of the World System Made Me Do IT! • State-Level: No- You Decided To Do It Based on Your Domestic Factors and Foreign Policy Process. (And the “System” is just a sum of the parts).

  11. TYPES OF GOVERNMENT • Democracy vs. Authoritarianism • How many and what types of people can participate? • How many forms of participation are available? • Does it matter?

  12. TYPES OF SITUATIONS • Crisis Situations • Decision makers are surprised by an event • Decision makers feel threatened • Decision makers believe that they have only a short time to make a decision • How do they affect policy making? • Small group makes decisions, others rally • “Fog of War”, Not enough information • Status Quo vs. Non-Status Quo Situations • Incremental vs. more debate and potential swings

  13. CULTURE • Does it Really Matter? • Aren’t We All Just the Same? • Desires vs. Opportunities

  14. WHO ARE THE ACTORS? • Political Executives • Parliamentary vs. Presidential Systems • Bureaucracy • Legislatures • Interest Groups • Pluralism vs. Neo-Pluralism • The People

  15. QUESTIONS???

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