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Exploring Sponges and Cnidarians: Characteristics, Classification, and Life Processes

This review delves into the fascinating world of sponges and cnidarians, two distinct groups of animals in the animal kingdom. Sponges belong to the phylum Porifera, which means 'pore-bearing', and are characterized by their unique feeding system that utilizes pores and collar cells. Unlike plants, sponges do not produce their own food. Cnidarians, including jellyfish and corals, possess stinging cells, or cnidocytes, to capture prey. Both groups exhibit radial symmetry and have intriguing methods of reproduction and support. Discover their unique adaptations and ecological roles.

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Exploring Sponges and Cnidarians: Characteristics, Classification, and Life Processes

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  1. Sponges and Cnidarian Review

  2. Sponges • Which Phylum do Sponges belong to? • Porifera • What does Porifera mean? • Pore-bearing • For many years sponges were classed as plants. Why? http://www.mbgnet.net/salt/animals/1sponge.jpg

  3. Sponges • Why are Sponges now classified as animals? • They do not produce their own food! • Do sponges have tissues or organs? • NO! • Which type of symmetry do they have? • Radial http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSsGkbJ53YremLOURV1PY9CEk5jw7QaW3OeCyyggIGCuRO9LmXiYAx4KbyLEw

  4. Sponges • How do sponges get their food? • Extract it from water as it flows through the sponge • What are the openings known as that the water can flow through? • Pores • Which cells use their tails to remove food from the water? • Collar cells

  5. Sponges • What is the name for the large opening at the top of the sponge where the waste and new sponges exit? • Osculum http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/invertebrates/sponge/spongex.GIF

  6. Sponges http://api.ning.com/files/tvuiNan6mLB7oYWJb1zhJzEELHxcPKfp5n7XAr3mDR1QT3MeVwv1KrmZKmGasj9cRIfmDWhgxjDTCMN4prd2B*n6RusbQuKC/I1082sponge2.jpg

  7. Sponges • What gives the sponge support? • Spicules or the spikes • How do they reproduce? • Sexual reproduction • Asexual reproduction • Do their “young” stay next to them? • No http://www.microlabgallery.com/gallery/images/SpongeSpicules.jpg

  8. Sponges • What is the advantage of having their young swim away? • They will not be competing for resources with them • Facts! • Sponges are sessile – fused to the ground • Larval stage is free swimming • Radial symmetry helps them detect things all around themselves

  9. http://reefguide.org/pix/thumb2/orangeballsponge1.jpg http://reefguide.org/pix/pinklumpysponge1.jpg

  10. Cnidarians • Includes jellyfish, coral, and sea anemones • How do they move? • Slow swimming or don’t move at all • Do they chase their prey? • No, they move slowly they eat what they “bump” into

  11. http://www.biologyeducation.net/wp-content/uploads/101.jpg Cnidarians • What do their use to kill or stun their prey? • Stinging cells • Cnidocytes – cell name • Nematocysts – harpoon like structure that they fire once to stun the prey

  12. http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-lj8m4KSwTaY/TZ4vlIMzTBI/AAAAAAAAAXg/TlkHD1W2vI8/s1600/portuguese_man_o_war.jpghttp://4.bp.blogspot.com/-lj8m4KSwTaY/TZ4vlIMzTBI/AAAAAAAAAXg/TlkHD1W2vI8/s1600/portuguese_man_o_war.jpg Cnidarians http://www.aloha.com/~lifeguards/portjell.gif

  13. Cnidarians http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRFweStzZ-m_kRtcMFo3-BMhyr9OknogFDXvjTBha6q1RzQrMDBODCfmQRA http://www.tampabay.com/multimedia/archive/00024/a4s_manowar052308a_24572c.jpg

  14. Cnidarians – Sea Anemone http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_fU7LdRkUMVM/TToEo0hGQxI/AAAAAAAADrM/5rKEwTwZyXM/s1600/Sea-Anemone.jpg

  15. Cnidarians - Coral http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/About/General/2011/2/23/1298488013408/Coral-reef-near-Fiji-007.jpg

  16. http://media.web.britannica.com/eb-media/39/72139-035-550475BC.jpghttp://media.web.britannica.com/eb-media/39/72139-035-550475BC.jpg Cnidarians • What are the two body types that they can have? • Polyp (sessile) Asexual • Medusa (swimming or free-floating)Sexual

  17. Cnidarians • What type of symmetry do they have? • Radial • They have a nerve net which they use to detect and sense what is around them • Where does the undigested food go? • Back through their mouth because they have only 1 opening.

  18. http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-CdPPhQ21pqo/TV9-yy7y3UI/AAAAAAAAAzw/ZKsbiXcmQ9w/s1600/800px-Clown_fish_swimming.jpghttp://4.bp.blogspot.com/-CdPPhQ21pqo/TV9-yy7y3UI/AAAAAAAAAzw/ZKsbiXcmQ9w/s1600/800px-Clown_fish_swimming.jpg

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