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CHAPTER 2

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  1. CHAPTER 2 The Metric System Conversions Measurement Significant Digits Graphing

  2. Measure The Room Lab • Measure the length and width of the room in “shoe” units. • Discuss differences. • Why doe we use standards? • Name US units volume, distance, …etc • Name Metric “Base” units. • Name Metric prefixes • Place prefixes in order smallest to largest.

  3. 2.1 The Metric System and SI • Why use the Metric System • Based on powers of 10, convenient to use • The Syste’me Interationale d’Unite’s = • SI = The Metric System • This is the standard system used throughout the world by scientists, engineers, and everyone else everywhere except US.

  4. Metric Prefixes • Name as many metric prefixes as you can • Now place them in order from smallest to largest • Give students correct order

  5. Why don’t we use the Metric System in the United States? • Good question.

  6. Base Units • Length = meter (m) • Mass = gram (g) → “standard” unit = kg • Volume = liter (l) • Time = second (s) • Temperature = Kelvin (K) • Amount of a substance = mole (mol) • …etc

  7. Definition of a kilogram • The mass of a small platinum-iridium metal cylinder kept at a very controlled temperature and humidity.

  8. Definition of a meter • The distance traveled by light in a vacuum during a time interval of 1/299 792 458 seconds.

  9. Definition of a second • The fraquency of one type of radiation emitted by a cesium-133 atom.

  10. SI Prefixes • Giga – G 109 1 000 000 000 • Mega –M 106 1 000 000 • kilo – k 103 1000 • hecto – h 102 100 • deka – da 10 10 • BASE UNIT meters/liters/grams/…etc • deci – d 10-1 0.1 • centi – c 10-2 0.01 • milli – m 10-3 0.001 • micro – μ 10-6 0.000 001 • nano – n 10-9 0.000 000 001 • pico – p 10-12 0.000 000 000 001

  11. Introduction to meter stick • Meter (m) – dm – cm – mm • Demonstration with meter sticks #1, #2, #3, plus standard meter stick.

  12. METRIC “STEP” SYSTEM & CONVERSIONS • Convert 102m → mm • 102m = 102 000mm • Convert 427 693μm → m • 427 693μm = 0.427 693m • Metric Conversion Hand Out #1

  13. Handout #1

  14. METRIC “Step System” G G G M M M k k k BASE BASE BASE h h h da da da d d d c c c m m m n n n p p p For each step you go up, move the decimal point one place to the left. For each step you go down, move the decimal point one place to the right. μ

  15. Handout #2 • Handout Metric Conversion Quiz 17-points (OPTIONAL) • Handout Metric Conversion Worksheet 1-24 (OPTIONAL)

  16. Conversions Cont. • Length 1 inch = 2.54 cm (exactly) • Volume 1 liter = 1.0576 qt • Mass 1 kg = 2.21 lbs • Weight 1 lb = 4.45N (Newtons) • More useful conversions on back cover of text book

  17. Dimensional Analysis Method= Factor Label Method • Example #1 • 4km → in • 4km x 1000m x 100cm x 1in = • 1 1km 1m 2.54cm • 157 480in

  18. Example #2 • 26dam → yds • 26dam x 1000cm x 1in x 1ft x 1yd = • 1 1dam 2.54cm 12in 3ft • 284.3yds

  19. More Example Problems • 3) 37hl → gal • 37hl = 978.28gal • 4) 439 672 107mg → tons • 439 672 107mg = 0.4858tons

  20. 5) 467 223 921 732 oz → Gg • 467 223 921 732 oz = 13,269.16Gg • 6) 937 456 737mg → tons • 937 456 737mg = 1.03tons • Hint: • Insert the units first to ensure that the units will cancel out leaving only the unit that you want to end up with.

  21. Additional Handouts • Handout #3 • Handout#4 • Handout#5 • Handout – Conversion Handout-1

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