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Solenoid Valves

Solenoid Valves. Blake Hunsaker ECE 5320 Mechatronics Assignment #1. Outline. Definition Introduction Selecting a Solenoid Valve Valve Types Direct-Lift Pilot-Operated Proportioning Valve Ratings for Solenoid Valves Valve Porting Options Final Considerations in Valve Selection

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Solenoid Valves

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  1. SolenoidValves Blake Hunsaker ECE 5320 Mechatronics Assignment #1

  2. Outline • Definition • Introduction • Selecting a Solenoid Valve • Valve Types • Direct-Lift • Pilot-Operated • Proportioning Valve • Ratings for Solenoid Valves • Valve Porting Options • Final Considerations in Valve Selection • References • To Explore Further

  3. Definition • A valve is a mechanical device for controlling the flow of a fluid or a substance. • A solenoid is a coil of wire that becomes magnetized when electricity is run through it.

  4. Introduction: • Solenoid valves use electricity to open and close an orifice in the valve body, allowing or preventing the flow of a given medium. • This type of valve is opened and closed by a plunger that is raised and lowered by the energizing and de-energizing of a solenoid. • A solenoid valve uses a solenoid to actuate a valve. This lets you control the flow of water, air, or other substances with electricity.

  5. Magnetic effect of electric energy http://www.eduvinet.de/servitec/elekeep3.htm The possibility to convert electric energy in magnetic field energy is found in solenoid valves.

  6. Selecting a Solenoid Valve(Slide A) • Valve type (two-, three- or four-way) • Voltage • Pressure • Medium handled • Materials (stainless steel, brass, plastic or other material) • Port size fluid connection • De-energized position (normally open or closed, ect.) • Ambient conditions • Approval(s) required (UL, CSA, FM, CENELEC)

  7. Selecting a Solenoid Valve(Slide B) • Coil/connection type • Current draw limitations • Duty cycle (continuous or intermittent) • Electrical enclosure type • Life expectancy (minimum expected cycles per year) • Maximum and minimum operating pressure differentials • Orifice diameter • Allowable internal leakage • Ratings (NEMA 4, 7, 9, etc.)

  8. Valve Types • Popular types of on/off solenoid valves: • Direct-Lift • Pilot-Operated • Proportioning Valve

  9. Direct-Lift • A direct-lift solenoid valve has a plunger that opens or closes the valve. • Direct-lift solenoid valves usually have low flow rates and high differential pressure drops. • They normally have a quicker response than pilot-operated valves. http://www.omega.com/techref/techprinc.html

  10. Pilot-Operated • Pilot-operated solenoid valves use the fluid's own pressure for actuation. • The valves are either piston or diaphragm types and usually require a differential pressure to keep the valve closed. • Because they do not have a plunger, pilot-operated solenoid valves are normally available in larger orifice sizes than direct-lift valves. • Pilot-operated solenoid valves have quick response time and low cost. http://www.omega.com/techref/techprinc.html

  11. Proportioning Valve • Proportioning valves allow complete and continuous fluid control. • An analog signal is sent to the valve for a full range of valve positions.

  12. Ratings for Solenoid Valves • General service (for working with common fluids). • Cryogenic fluids (for fluids such as liquid oxygen, liquid argon and liquid nitrogen). • Vacuum (for working in and maintaining vacuum conditions). • Oxygen service (designed to provide contamination-free flow of oxygen).

  13. Two-way Valves Three-way Valves Four-way Valves Five-way Valves Knife Gate Valves Abrasive Service Valves Bonnetless Bonneted Extended Flange Design Square Port Rectangular Port Thru Port Valve Porting Options

  14. Final Considerations in Valve Selection • Valve response time • Control fidelity • Material • Size • Temperature/pressure ranges • The signal is, for on/off valves, 120VAC, 12VDC or 24VDC • For a proportioning valve, either a 0–10 V signal or a 4-20mA signal is used.

  15. References • www.omega.com • www.eduvinet.de/servitec/elekeep3.htm • www.chemicalprocessing.com • www.theoldbuzzard.com

  16. To Explore Further • www.solenoid-valves.net • www.globalspec.com

  17. THE END Thank You

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