The Union in Peril

1. The Union in Peril Sectionalism and the Civil War Ms. Garratt

2. Major Events Leading to War • Sectionalism • Missouri Compromise 1820 • Compromise of 1850 • KS-NE Act 1854 • Bleeding KS 1855 • Sumner in Senate 1855 • Free Soilers • Republican Party • Dred Scott Decision • John Brown • Lincoln-Douglas Debates • Election of Lincoln • Harriet Beecher Stowe • Border ruffians

3. North South Differences North South • Industrial • River Power • Harsh winters • Wage labor • Agrarian (cotton, tobacco) • Slave labor • Mild weather all year

4. Slavery in the Territories • California - • Compromise of 1850 • CA as free state • Fugitive Slave Law • DC • Popular Sovereignty (letting the people decide whether or not to allow slavery) • in NM & UT territories • Secession

5. Underground Railroad & Uncle Tom’s Cabin • Fugitive Slave Law • Slaves denied trials • Vigilance committees • Harriet Tubman – conductor

9. Harriet Beecher Stowe

10. Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854

11. Bleeding Kansas • First test of popular sovereignty in Kansas. • Supporters and opponents of slavery moved in to populate KS • Election took place but 1000s of border ruffians illegally voted • Lecompton gov set up. • Anti-slavery forces set up rival gov • Violence breaks out and KS earns the title of bleeding KS

12. Violence in the Senate

13. Free Soilers

14. Republican Party • Opponents of the KS-NE Act form the Republican Party. • Opposed to slavery in the new territories. • Whigs, Free Soilers, Democrats & other parties joined. • Chief goal was to resurrect the Missouri Compromise • Election of 1856 John C. Fremont was their candidate. • Had Fremont won many believe that the South would have seceded then

15. Dred Scott Decision 1857

16. Lincoln-Douglas Debates

17. Harpers Ferry & John Brown 1857

18. John Brown • Wanted to organize slaves & lead a rebellion. • Attacked Harpers Ferry (a federal arsenal) • The slave uprising Brown hoped for never occurred. • Federal troops put down the uprising. • Brown was tried & excuted • In the North church bells rang, guns fired salutes. • They considered Brown a martyr • South became more paranoid • Some whites suspected of anti-slavery views were attacked by mobs.

19. Harpers Ferry 1857

20. Election of Lincoln 1860 election Lincoln was a moderate Opposed extension of slavery into new territories but reassured South that he would not interfere with their slaves HE NEVER THREATENED TO END SLAVERY. South felt threatened by him His name didn’t even appear on the ballots of most southern states

21. Southern Secession Question of “states rights” v federal control SC was first to secede followed by 10 other states Set up confederate gov in Montgomery Jefferson Davis - president

22. North/South Resources & Strategies Chart on page 169 Three part strategy Compare with South

23. Emancipation Proclamation Deceptive Border states

24. Battles Bull Run Antietam Gettysburg Vicksburg Total War – Sherman March

25. Politics of Reconstruction • Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan • “with malice toward, charity for all” • Johnson’s Fifty Percent Plan • Difference crush planter aristocracy • 7 states • Radicals & rift with Pres Johnson • Refused to seat representatives from states • Vetoed Civil Rights Act 1866 (2) • Vetoed Freedman’s Bureau Act • Congress overrode vetos

26. Radicals and moderates join together to shift presidential control of Reconstruction to the Congress 1866 elections Reconstruction act of 1867

27. Johnson’ s Impeachment Violation of Tenure in Office Act Pres could not remove cabinet member during term of president without Senate approval

28. Scalawags, Carpetbaggers & Freedmen

29. Collapse of Reconstruction