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Survey Indicators: Some comments

Survey Indicators: Some comments. Cheryl Gray Director, IEGWB. 1. Agree with many observations. wording, order, and scaling matter risk of bias due to optimism or pessimism some inherent selection bias reticence to answer sensitive questions

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Survey Indicators: Some comments

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  1. Survey Indicators:Some comments Cheryl Gray Director, IEGWB

  2. 1. Agree with many observations • wording, order, and scaling matter • risk of bias due to optimism or pessimism • some inherent selection bias • reticence to answer sensitive questions • survey responses do not necessarily answer questions re causation or economic impacts of corruption:

  3. 2. But surveys also have advantages • Accuracy: Measure of first-hand experience on-the-ground (vs. legal or process indicators) • Independence of responses (vs. correlated expert indicators) • Precision in what is being measured (vs. multi-dimensional or composite indicators) • Cost effectiveness(vs. single-country studies) • Breadth of applications (vs. narrower efforts) • Visibility and support to reformers

  4. 3. Many shortfalls can be addressed (examples from BEEPS) • Focus on trends as well as levels • if consistent methodology over time: questionnaire, sampling, survey firm, panel • Include characteristics of respondents • Public/private/foreign; large/small; urban/rural; mfg/nonmfg. • Control for optimism/pessimism • Check against other data sources and country information: both for verification and for correlation/causation

  5. Looking at trends: Corruption is falling in ECA(though not yet to W. Europe levels)… Source: Anticorruption in Transition 3 – Who is Succeeding … and Why?

  6. Using firm characteristics:New private firms pay the most bribes. Source: Anticorruption in Transition 3 – Who is Succeeding … and Why?

  7. Firm characteristics: Small private firms pay more bribes on average; foreign firms pay fewer bribes on average Policy and institutional environment: Reforms reduce corruption Managers’ optimism: Strong influence Economic growth rates: Little influence in short run ACT2: What influences the extent of corruption?

  8. 4. Country-wide surveys can be influential I like the BEEPS very much, but especially the 2005 results were very important. We had a conference in Warsaw where the results were presented, along with the study on Judicial Systems in Transition Economies, and it gave a new impetus for reforms in Poland. In my opinion, shared by others, the BEEPS has helped steer reforms in the right direction. Jaroslaw Beldowski President, FOR Foundation, Warsaw

  9. I found the BEEPS findings extremely useful during my mandate focused on fighting corruption in Romania. The BEEPS reports are independent monitoring tools and they should not stay in a drawer or be only one day news. The BEEPS findings should be working instruments for those governments or NGOs which are serious and sincere about fighting corruption... Monica Macovei Former Minister of Justice, Romania

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