Night Summative Essay Preparation: Purpose, Theme, Symbol

Coming Soon… • Chart ideas for summative (I do/Moishe model - we do/small group in class - you do/individual hmwk) • Chart new ideas (purpose, theme, symbol =, 3 Chapters to Use) • Outline a draft of your summative essay (you do/individual) • Lab time – Questions/Conferencing • Editing (peer) • Capitalization – italics – quotation marks (page), indent, word count • Man’s Search for Meaning – Excerpt 3 + Extend Your Reading

Hook, Housekeeping & Homework MONDAY While you wait… • What’s a tornado’s favorite game to play? • A: Twister • Q: What do you get when you throw a lot of books in the ocean? • A: A title wave • Q: Why couldn’t the bicycle stand up? • A: Because it was two-tired Week 6 Have out a new sheet of paper for a new week or continue from previous weeks in order to respond in writing: How was your weekend? Name one positive! What are you looking forward to this week? Homework: What will you write about for your summative essay? Chart = Purpose --- Theme --- Symbol (throughout) – Chapters, pages & context for exemplifications

Past, Present, Future MONDAY • Night= Symbol and Theme + “Death, Survival, Endings” Handout Chapters 8 & 9 + Symbols Brainstorming + Formative – Return, read, discuss + Review Preface & Read excerpt of Nobel speech & Respond + Recap Purpose NightSummative Pre-Writing Chart: purpose, theme, symbol (qualities), exemplifications (sections & pages) – you do/individual to we do/small group • Night Summative Pre-Writing • Outline a draft of your summative essay (you do/individual) • Lab time – Questions/Conferencing • Man’s Search For Meaning – Excerpt 3

‘The Kingdom of Night’: Lessons from the Past Colorado Academic Standards: 2. Reading for All Purposes & 3. Writing & Composition MYPH Criterion: A. Analyzing&B. Organizing Objectives: You will be able to perform a close reading of the memoir Night by ElieWiesel in order to examine the use of symbolism and its impact on the meaning of the work as a whole Guiding Questions: • What value is there in studying the horrors and dysfunctions of the past? • How can story-telling affect the world? • What is the purpose and effect of symbols (and motifs)? How do symbols create and deepen understanding and contribute to the meaning of the work as a whole? Enduring Understanding: • Literature is often a chronicle of man’s capacity for inhumanity and dysfunction, but it is also a reminder of the power of the human spirit to triumph over the past. In that sense, literature has been essential to the march of human progress. • Narrative/story-telling deepens our understanding of history by giving us an intimate, personal understanding of the experiences of others in times past.

Activity: Develop Purpose: to supplement our learning and understanding of purpose by considering how the Holocaust is being represented and discussed today Task: Listen to the news story “Controversy Surrounds Planned Hungarian Holocaust Museum” • NPR - February 6, 20195:00 AM ET - Heard on Morning Edition https://www.npr.org/2019/02/06/691909937/controversy-surrounds-planned-hungarian-holocaust-museum Outcome: What new understandings do you have based on this story?

Activity: Develop Purpose: to gather ideas for our summative essay on Night Tasks: Take a look at the graphic organizer I have provided. Questions? Individual Work Time Group Work Time Outcome: Completed and organize ideas on the graphic organizer = ready to write an draft outline!

Chart Model • Purpose: It seems that Weisel wrote Night to bear witness to the dangers of remaining silent in the face of evil. • Theme: Humans have a tendency towards denial and remaining silent because the threat of danger overcoming our individual security is too overwhelming • Symbol: Moishe (characters) = devotion, determination, faith • Qualities/Associations: Not “my” problem, easy to ignore; zealot, don’t believe in science/research, sensitive/emotional/mentally ill, sees and believes in things beyond this earth • Section 1 • Page 4-5 and pages 6-7 • Context: In the opening section, Mosihe is introduced as a poor character, liked by the people of Sighet, but an ignored, foreign Jew. He is a knowledgeable in Jewish mysticism becoming Elie’s spiritual mentor when he is around 13. • Context: Moishe escapes after being deported and tries to share with the people of Sighet the horrors that he saw, but they will not listen to him.

Review & Release • What do you need to accomplish in order to be able to write your multi-paragraph essay?

Hook, Housekeeping & Homework TUESDAY Grab an Summative Assignment Sheet and take a look through it. Note any questions Homework: Finish your introductory paragraph and start writing a body.

Past, Present, Future TUESDAY • Night= Recap Purpose + Chart: purpose, theme, symbol (qualities), exemplifications (sections & pages) – you do/individual to we do/small group NightSummative Pre-Writing • Introductory Paragraph ( + thesis ) components and models - review • Outline a draft of your summative essay (you do/individual) • Lab time – Questions/Conferencing • Night Summative • Man’s Search For Meaning – Excerpt 3

Activities: Develop and Apply Purpose: to identify the components of the introductory paragraph of your literary analysis essay Tasks: Review the handouts you have from Bless Me, Ultimaliterary analysis as well as the following slides Outcome: Write your own intro! Keep in mind, you may want to skip the hook for now and then you can finalize this once you have written eh rest of the essay. Success: the accomplishment of an aim or purpose. Success, for some, is only about self. It is achieving wealth, respect, or even fame. For others, however, success is seemingly as simple as supporting and helping others. Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman, set in 1940s New York, shares the final days of the mentally fatigued husband and father and unsuccessful salesman Willy Lowman. Miller also shows Willy’s wife, Linda, a levelheaded woman, trying desperately to stabilize her husband’s life. Linda’s enduring patience and undying love enable her to make conscious decisions to withhold truths from Willy, as she tries to protect him from several harsh realities. Ironically, Linda's reluctance to give Willy the hard truth does not prevent him from committing suicide due to false pride and delusions. Arthur Miller seems to suggest that love and success require truth and struggle. Through character development, as well as use of flashback and symbolismin his drama, Miller conveys that achieving success may create both internal and external conflicts that can tear a family apart.

Instruction: Obtain/ReviewINTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH The cruelties caused by intolerance are a painful part of every nation’s history. The United States is no exception. One form of intolerance that is part of our history is intolerance of immigrants, but repeatedly, immigrants have risen above the challenges they have faced to become a part of America. Judith Ortiz Cofer dramatizes this dynamic through the main character in her short story “American History.” Elena, a Puerto-Rican teenager from an immigrant family living in Paterson, New Jersey in the 1960s, is often the target of bullying and belittlement and naively struggles in a world seemingly predestined to be against her because she is an immigrant. However, even after having doors closed on her hopes, she shows the strength to continue pursuing her dreams. Cofer seems to suggest that regardless of age, race or gender, we all have dreams for our future and that perseverance is the key to these dreams. Using various colors to symbolize discrimination as well as hope, OritzCofer demonstrates that while rejection is a part of growing up, it is often from these more difficult experiences that we become stronger individuals

Instruction: ObtainFill-in-the-blank Thesis • In order to purpose, Elie Wiesel uses symbol to represent what symbol =represents in order to convey specific statement of theme. Example: In order to bear witness to the atrocities of the Holocaust, Wiesel uses three specific characters to represent devotion and faith to demonstratethat within us exists a immeasurable resilience and spirit to overcome even the most negative of man’s capacities. OR split it into 2, using purpose as a “bridge” from your plot summary to thesis: • Elie Wiesel’s purpose for writing the memoir Night seems to be state purpose. Thus, his use of symbol to represent what symbol =represents helps reveal that specific statement of theme. Example: Elie Wiesel’s purpose for writing the memoir Night seems to be “a moral obligation” he feels “to try to prevent the enemy from enjoying one last victory by allowing his crimes to be erased from human memory” (Preface viii). Thus, Wiesel uses three specific characters to represent the devotion and faith of the Jewish people in order to demonstrate that within us exists a immeasurable resilience and spirit to overcome even the most negative of man’s capacities.

Instruction: ObtainThesis – Topic sentence Example 1 Thesis: In order to bear witness to the atrocities of the Holocaust, Wiesel uses three specific characters to represent devotion and faith to demonstrate that within us exists a immeasurable resilience and spirit to overcome even the most negative of man’s capacities. • Topic Sentence for 1st Body Paragraph: In the first section of the memoir, the character Moishesymbolizes the determination a witness must have in the face of varying levels of adversity. OR Example 2: Thesis: Elie Wiesel’s purpose for writing the memoir Night seems to be “a moral obligation” he feels “to try to prevent the enemy from enjoying one last victory by allowing his crimes to be erased from human memory” (Preface viii). Thus, Wiesel uses three specific characters to represent the devotion and faith of the Jewish people in order to demonstrate that within us exists a immeasurable resilience and spirit to overcome even the most negative of man’s capacities. • Topic Sentence for 1st Body Paragraph: To open the memoir, Wiesel presents a character, Moishe the Beadel, to represent the devotion of the Jews to their faith and to each other.

Hook, Housekeeping & Homework WEDNESDAY/THURSDAY Borrow a Body Paragraph handout as you come in. Look through it. Homework: Finish your body paragraphs by Friday Tuesday - Tuesday • Format your paper correctly - Tuesday • Draft your Introductory Paragraph (hook, plot, purpose, thesis) - Tuesday • Draft your Body Paragraphs: support your ideas with quoted and summarized text evidence and to explain and elaborate on how these support your points. Reference your handouts & ask questions as needed – Wednesday & Thursday • Draft your Concluding Paragraph • Revise and finalize draft: Use a peer (or two);Ask questions as needed. • Properly formatted (4-line heading, centered assignment title, double-spaced throughout, Times New Roman, 12-point font, etc.) • No more than 1500 words • Properly incorporated quotes (see handouts/slides) • Use of strong sentence starters and transitions; ideas connect and build upon one another • Checked for spelling, capitalization, sentence completeness, punctuation, usage. (see handouts) • Submit work electronically through turnitin.com and well as in hard copy form

Past, Present, Future WEDNESDAY/THURSDAY Night Summative Drafting • Introductory Paragraph ( + thesis ) components and models - review NightSummative Drafting • Outline a draft of your summative essay (you do/individual) • Lab time – Questions/Conferencing Night Summative Drafting • Finish Body Paragraphs – Review/model handout • Draft a Concluding Paragraph – Review/model handout Man’s Search For Meaning – Excerpt 3

Instruction: Obtain Purpose: to identify the components of the body paragraphs of your literary analysis essay Tasks: Review the handouts/models • Bless Me, Ultimaliterary analysis • the following slides • supplementary in class handout Outcome: Write your own body! In the poem “My Father and the Fig tree” by Naomi Shihab Nye, Nye uses the symbol of the fig tree to demonstrate that one can adjust to living in a new or different culture, but the process of adjustment is slow. In the poem, the fig tree symbolizes the father’s culture. Throughout the poem, Nye makes reference to the father’s Middle Eastern heritage through the father’s use of the Middle Eastern name “Joha” (line 7), the father’s reference to a fig as a “gift of Allah” (line 16), and the father “chanting a song” at the end of the poem “in Arabic” (line 28). Universally, a tree is a symbol for life; it provides shelter and oxygen, and often sustenance. Here, the fig tree is connected to her father’s identity, his religious beliefs and cultural values. The father’s love of figs, then, further connects him to the Middle East, and the fig tree that he yearns for comes to represent his former home on several levels. Nye then demonstrates the slow adjustment to a new culture through the father’s mopey reluctance to plant a fig tree for much of the poem, instead tending other plants “half-heartedly” (line 23). The reader feels a sympathy for the man as he tries adjusting to his new and strange environment. At the end of the poem, though, Nye reflects a happy adjustment to embracing an old culture in a new home as the father successfully grows a tree “with the largest, fattest, sweetest figs in the world” (line 33) while living “in the middle of Dallas, Texas” (line 32). The magnificence of the figs produced bring the poem’s narrative not only to a pleasant ending but also has a profound effect on the reader’s understanding. The success of the fig tree, in an urban environment, shows our ability not only to adapt to changes in life but how we can often achieve something much stronger and better in the end; it just takes time. The fig tree’s presence and baring of fruit in the father’s new home suggests that the father has found a way to nurture his cultural heritage. He has found shelter and sustenance, a meaningful life in a different country. Therefore, Nye suggests that, after a long and slow adjustment, a person from a different culture can learn to allow his heritage to flourish in a new home.

Peer Model Flashback! The author dedicates much of the beginning of Chapter Nine (70-82) to exploring the process and potential manifestation of a loss of innocence through the use of symbolism. The chapter opens with a dream sequence in which Antonio witnesses his brothers enter a brothel, one by one. When Antonio makes pleas to Eugene, the youngest of his elder brothers, to remain outside, the man responds by with, “‘…you beat your chest like a holy roller, but you too will find your way here,’” before he enters with Eugene (70). He essentially states here that no amount of Antonio’s waxing ideological will save him from their shared fate of sin. The author uses the brothel as an intentionally thinly veiled symbol for a life of sin at many points, but he initially establishes it here. Because this message is delivered via dream sequence, which have shown exhibited qualities in the past, the inevitability Eugene expresses is to be taken with extra weight as an omen of what is to come. These individuals’ incredibly close familial ties to Antonio are also cause for consideration, as the author frequently expresses the strong bearing one’s blood has on their fundamental composition as a person. An example of such is shown shortly after Antonio awakens from the dream cited above, when Eugene and León announce their intentions to leave the llano. In her despair, Antonio’s mother says to his father, “‘The Márez blood draws them away from home and parents, Gabriel,’” which Antonio, as the narrator, follows up with, “My father looked at her then bowed his head. The same wandering blood that was in his veins was in his sons. The restlessness of his blood had destroyed him, defeated him” (72). Anaya uses the Márez blood here as a vehicle to express what drives individuals to do what they do and be what they are, shifting the blame from the individuals themselves. The reader can easily interpret Eugene and León’s actions as a fulfillment of the chapter’s earlier prophecy, meaning that they have shed their innocence and entered an unwholesome world. Their shared blood implies that Antonio, too, is very likely to take similar action, or commit a similar sin, which subtly builds upon the explicit inevitability expressed earlier. Through these symbols of blood and flesh, the author is able to effectively convey the idea of innocence being ultimately temporary.

Activities: Summative AssessmentLab 257 Tuesday - Friday • Format your paper correctly - Tuesday • Draft your Introductory Paragraph (hook, plot, purpose, thesis) - Tuesday • Draft your Body Paragraphs: support your ideas with quoted and summarized text evidence and to explain and elaborate on how these support your points. Reference your handouts & ask questions as needed – Wednesday & Thursday • Draft your Concluding Paragraph • Revise and finalize draft: Use a peer (or two);Ask questions as needed. • Properly formatted (4-line heading, centered assignment title, double-spaced throughout, Times New Roman, 12-point font, etc.) • No more than 1500 words • Properly incorporated quotes (see handouts/slides) • Use of strong sentence starters and transitions; ideas connect and build upon one another • Checked for spelling, capitalization, sentence completeness, punctuation, usage. (see handouts) • Submit work electronically through turnitin.com and well as in hard copy form

Hook, Housekeeping & Homework FRIDAY Borrow a Concluding Paragraph handout as you come in. Look through it. Homework: Finish your essay - ALL your paragraphs – and come to class with a printed copy of it Tuesday. PLUS Man’s Search For Meaning – Excerpt 3 Tuesday - Tuesday • Format your paper correctly - Tuesday • Draft your Introductory Paragraph (hook, plot, purpose, thesis) - Tuesday • Draft your Body Paragraphs: support your ideas with quoted and summarized text evidence and to explain and elaborate on how these support your points. Reference your handouts & ask questions as needed – Wednesday & Thursday • Draft your Concluding Paragraph • Revise and finalize draft: Use a peer (or two);Ask questions as needed. • Properly formatted (4-line heading, centered assignment title, double-spaced throughout, Times New Roman, 12-point font, etc.) • No more than 1500 words • Properly incorporated quotes (see handouts/slides) • Use of strong sentence starters and transitions; ideas connect and build upon one another • Checked for spelling, capitalization, sentence completeness, punctuation, usage. (see handouts) • Submit work electronically through turnitin.com and well as in hard copy form

Past, Present, Future FRIDAY Night Summative Drafting • Introductory Paragraph ( + thesis ) components and models - review • Finish Body Paragraphs – Review/model handout • Lab time – Questions/Conferencing Night Summative Drafting • Draft a Concluding Paragraph – Review/model handout Man’s Search For Meaning – Excerpt 3 • Night Summative Drafting • Revising and editing • Man’s Search For Meaning – Excerpt 4

Instruction: Obtain Purpose: to identify the components of concluding paragraphs for your literary analysis essay Tasks: Review the handouts/models • Bless Me, Ultimaliterary analysis • This slide • Supplementary in-class handout Outcome: Write your own conclusion! Golding uses the conch shell to show the slow slide of the boys into savagery, thereby exemplifying the idea that humans have the capability to turn evil. At first, the conch brings everyone together; then, as its power erodes, the group breaks into two. Finally, the destruction of the conch signals the plunge into total savagery. By following the role of the conch in the novel, we see how a potentially unified, innocent group can quickly turn on one another. If this can happen so fast, and if humankind is innately evil, as this novel seems to suggest, what hope do we have as a human race? Maybe it is the hope of awareness. Understanding how violence is a progression, one brought on by disorder, impulse, and mob-like mentality, is a step towards overcoming it. We do not have to fall prey to our instincts or the ill-will demonstrated by and learned from others. By understanding, how evil arises, we can nurture goodness.

For Some Fun… • Q: What did the mouse say to the other mouse when it tried to steal the cheese? • A: That’s Nacho Cheese! • Q: What’s a ghost’s favorite fruit? • A: Boo-berries • Q: Why did the man take his clock to the vet? • A: Because it had ticks • Q: Which is faster – heat or cold? • A: Heat, because you can catch a cold • Q: What do you call a boomerang that doesn’t come back? • A: A stick • Q: Why was the math book always worried? • A: Because it had so many problems • Q: Why did the robber take a shower? • A: So it would be a clean getaway • Q: Why did the chicken go to jail? • A: Because he was using fowl language • Q: What has two legs but can’t walk? • A: A pair of pants • Q: Which school supply is king of the classroom? • A: A ruler • Q: Which vegetable should you never invite on a boat trip? • A: A leek • Q: How did Benjamin Franklin feel when he discovered electricity? • A: Shocked • Q: Why did the horse chew with his mouth open? • A: Because he had bad stable manners • Q: Why wasn’t the French fry made in France? • A: Because it is made in grease! (but not Greece!)

Activity: Develop & Apply Purpose: to examine the purpose of our two texts through the use of extended metaphor in poetry. (symbolism) Tasks: • Read and annotate her poem • Respond in writing to the two questions (summaries and connect) Outcome: See next “ ‘Hope’ is the thing with feathers—...” • speaker describes hope as a bird • perches in the soul • sings wordlessly, without pause • song of hope - sweetest in a strong wind • hope withstands and remains in tough, troubling times • it never asks for anything in return, but provides comfort Emily Dickinson takes an abstract feeling or idea – in this case, hope – and likens it to something physical, visible, and tangible – here, a singing bird.

Activity: Apply Purpose: to examine the purpose of our two texts through the use of extended metaphor in poetry. (symbolism) Emily Dickinson takes an abstract feeling or idea – in this case, hope – and likens it to something physical, visible, and tangible – here, a singing bird. Tasks: Small Group or Individual • Select an abstract feeling, one you have seen displayed in Night or in MSFM (or both) and liken it to an object (a tangible thing).Consider the objects specific qualities and characteristics and how these add a deeper understating to the feeling being conveyed. • Using Dickinson's poem as a model, write a poem (3 stanzas, 4 lines each - minimum 3 stanzas, 3 lines each Outcome: Neatly write the poem for display – Feel free to include a drawing

Night Summative Essay Preparation: Purpose, Theme, Symbol