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Stars Galaxies and the Universe

Stars Galaxies and the Universe. Introduction : The Big Picture. Hierarchy of structures:. Nuclei (particles) Atoms Stars/Planets Galaxies Universe. Atoms: Nuclei: protons neutrons Electrons. p.418a. Solar magnetic surface storm. Earth. Scale of the Solar System.

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Stars Galaxies and the Universe

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  1. Stars Galaxies and the Universe Introduction : The Big Picture

  2. Hierarchy of structures: • Nuclei (particles) • Atoms • Stars/Planets • Galaxies • Universe

  3. Atoms: • Nuclei: • protons • neutrons • Electrons

  4. p.418a

  5. Solar magnetic surface storm Earth

  6. Scale of the Solar System • Earth-moon system….. • The sun as an orange…. • The nearest star • The galaxy !

  7. Our Galaxy : The Milky Way Milky way galaxy is a complex system • 1011 stars (& planets?) Each with life cycle: birth/life/death • Material between the stars Tenuous gas: clouds; diffuse

  8. New star-formation region

  9. Two young star clusters

  10. Slow death of low mass star

  11. Jewel Box Cluster Naked eye stars Eagle Nebula Crab Nebula Our Galaxy Earth = 100 nm = virus Sun = 10 μm = cell Earth orbit = ¼ cm = pin head Solar system = 20 cm = saucer Nearest star = 250 m = lawn Solar system Galaxy Center

  12. The Population of Galaxies Galaxies are a diverse population • Different sizes & shapes & motions  different histories? • They tend to form groups pairs  clusters; some collide and merge

  13. Interacting galaxies

  14. Galaxies to the horizon The Universe is filled with galaxies • 1011 galaxies visible • More distant ones appear younger look-back time due to finite light speed

  15. SDSS : ⅓ million galaxies 3 billion light years (~20% to “the edge”) Our galaxy is here

  16. Hubble Deep Field ~1500 galaxies Sky area ~2.5×2.5 arcmin ≡ pinhead @ arms-length

  17. A 1689 Rich galaxy cluster 2 Gly distant Gravitational lens

  18. Keck/VLT + Cluster Lens SDSS & 2dFGRS HDF “Nearby” galaxies 13.7 Gly 0 The Visible Universe MW galaxy = 20 m = class room MW galaxy = 20 m = class room Local group = 600 m = central grounds Virgo cluster = 15 km = Walmart Coma cluster = 100 km = Culpeper Our Galaxy

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