1 / 10

Chapter 5

Chapter 5. Write the notes that are underlined. . Valence Electrons. Electrons that are in the highest occupied energy level of an atom Important to chemical reactions The reason elements in a group have similar properties. Alkali Metals. Group 1A (Li, Na, K, Rb , Cs, Fr)

jenis
Télécharger la présentation

Chapter 5

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Chapter 5 Write the notes that are underlined.

  2. Valence Electrons • Electrons that are in the highest occupied energy level of an atom • Important to chemical reactions • The reason elements in a group have similar properties

  3. Alkali Metals • Group 1A (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr) • 1 valence electron • Extremely reactive • Reactivity increases from top to bottom of group

  4. Alkaline Earth Metals • Group 2A (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra) • 2 valence electrons • Reactivity increases going down the group • Examples: • Magnesium: in chlorophyll (where plants produce energy from sunlight), makes metals stronger • Calcium: in bones for strength

  5. Boron Family • Group 3A (B, Al, Ga, In, Tl) • 3 valence electrons • Al is the most abundant metal in Earth’s crust • Recycling Al uses 5% of the energy needed to originally extract it from the Earth

  6. Carbon Family • Group 4A (C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) • 4 valence electrons • Metallic nature increases down the group • What does that say about conductivity? • Life on Earth is carbon based • Silicon is the 2nd most abundant element in Earth’s crust

  7. Nitrogen Family • Group 5A (N, P, As, Sb, Bi) • 5 valence electrons • N and P are found in fertilizers

  8. Oxygen Family • Group 6A (O, S, Se, Te, Po) • 6 valence electrons • O is the most abundant element in Earth’s crust

  9. Halogens • Group 7A (F, Cl, Br, I, At) • 7 valence electrons • F and Cl are gases • Br evaporates quickly • I sublimes (solid to gas without liquid phase)

  10. Noble Gases • Group 8A (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn) • He has 2 valence electrons • Other 5 have 8 valence electrons • Colorless • Odorless • Extremely un-reactive

More Related