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Pressure. In Fluid Systems. I. States of Matter A. Solid B. Liquid C. Gas D. Plasma– super-heated gas with free ions. Fluids A. material that can flow B. Hydraulic system—liquid C. Pneumatic system—gas. III. Density and Pressure
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Pressure In Fluid Systems
I. States of Matter A. Solid B. Liquid C. Gas D. Plasma– super-heated gas with free ions
Fluids • A. material that can flow • B. Hydraulic system—liquid • C. Pneumatic system—gas
III. Density and Pressure A. ρ= m/V (Density = mass ÷ volume) B. P = F/A (Pressure = force ÷ area) C. Pressure increases with depth D. P = ρwh (Pressure = weight density x fluid depth
IV. Archimedes’ Principle A. Buoyancy B. Formula—Fbuoyant = ρw x V = weight of water displaced C. Definition—an object immersed in a fluid has an upward force exerted on it equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. 1. If the object has a greater density than the fluid, it will sink. 2. If the object has a lower density than the fluid, it will float.
V. Pascal’s Principle A. Definition—A change in pressure at any point in a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid. B. F1/A1 = F2/A2 or P1 = P2
VI. Atmospheric Pressure A. Barometer B. One atmosphere = 760 mm Hg
VIII. Gage Pressure— pressure from one atmosphere
X. Equilibrium in Fluid Systems Pressures are balanced = no movement