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Mixtures

Mixtures. Matter. Substances. Mixtures. Elements. Compounds. Heterogeneous Mixtures. Homogeneous Mixtures. Mixtures  Substances separated by physical methods Compounds  Substances separated by chemical methods. Mixtures. Combo of 2 or more pure substances

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Mixtures

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  1. Mixtures

  2. Matter Substances Mixtures Elements Compounds Heterogeneous Mixtures Homogeneous Mixtures Mixtures  Substances separated by physical methods Compounds  Substances separated by chemical methods

  3. Mixtures • Combo of 2 or more pure substances • Physically combinedNOTchemically combined • Each substance retains its own identity and properties

  4. Mixtures • Variable composition • No unique properties • Ex: sugar and sand mixed together • Separated byphysical methods • May be homogeneous or heterogeneous

  5. Types of Mixtures • Heterogeneous: See boundary or regions that look different Ex: • colloids • suspensions • ice water • granite • cereals

  6. Heterogeneous mixtures: cereal/granite Colloid: milk Suspension: smoke/smog Heterogeneous mixture: ice water

  7. Homogeneous: constant composition throughout, single phase Ex: • Solutions (all 3 phases) • Air • Windex • kool-aid

  8. Homogeneous Solutions: Drink mix Window cleaner Air

  9. Hints for Mixtures • Solutions (gas & liquid phases) transmit light • No particles big enough to scatter light • Look translucent (see-through) • Suspensions look cloudy – scatter light • Particles big enough to scatter light • Settle upon standing

  10. Where does this liquid fit? Homogeneous? Heterogeneous?

  11.           Particle Diagrams Atoms only: monatomic element   Molecules: diatomic element   

  12.                   Particle Diagrams Molecules: • triatomic compound    Mixture: • monatomic element • diatomic element • triatomic compound

  13. Conservation of Mass • Mass before = Mass after • # atoms before = # atoms after

  14. Separating Mixtures • Physically combined • Separation based on physical properties • Sorting: Appearance • Filtration: Size • Distillation: Boiling Point • Crystallization: Solubility • Magnet: Magnetization • Chromatography: “Travel” ability

  15. Filter: Solid particles can be separated from liquid

  16. Distillation Used to separate liquids with different boiling points

  17. Paper Chromatograhy Can separate liquids with different solubilities

  18. Crystallization Can separate solids dissolved in liquids

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