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BepiColombo – Mission to Mercury

BepiColombo – Mission to Mercury. MPO Scientific Aspects . &. System Update. Rita Schulz Johannes Benkhoff. BepiColombo Elements. Mercury Planetary Orbiter. Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter. MPO orbit optimized for study of planet itself . MMO orbit optimized for study

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BepiColombo – Mission to Mercury

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  1. BepiColombo – Mission to Mercury MPOScientific Aspects & System Update Rita Schulz Johannes Benkhoff

  2. BepiColombo Elements

  3. Mercury Planetary Orbiter Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter MPO orbit optimized for study of planet itself MMO orbit optimized for study of magnetosphere

  4. Mercury Orbits MMO: 400 x 11,800 km 9.3 hours Direction of Sun at perihelion MPO:

  5. Origin of Mercury • Evolution of Mercury MPO Instruments (Selected by SPC; Nov. 2004) & Scientific Objectives Nature of surface modifications on Mercury Structure and variability of the magnetosphere of Mercury

  6. Science Goals Figure of the Planet Interior Structure and Composition of Mercury Formation and Evolutionof the Planet BELA BepiColombo Laser Altimeter CoPI’s: N. Thomas / T. Spohn

  7. MERCURY (RADIOMETER and) THERMAL INFRARED SPECTROMETER MERTIS PI: E.K. Jessberger Science goals: • to study the surface composition of Mercury • to identify the key rock-forming minerals • to map the surface mineralogy • to measure surface temperature and thermal inertia

  8. Mercury Imaging X-ray Spectrometer (MIXS) PI: S. Dunkin • To produce global elemental maps of key rock-forming elements • To perform high spatial resolution mapping of these elemental abundances where solar conditions permit • To confirm that the auroral zone is an intense source of continuum and line X-rays

  9. SIXS (Solar Intensity X-ray and particle Spectrometer) PI: J. Houvelin Scientific Objectives • accurate physical estimates of solar X-ray and particle irradiation at the surface of Mercury. • Data provided by SIXS are mandatory for a valid fluorescence analysis of MIXS spectra.

  10. ISA (ITALIAN SPRING ACCELEROMETER) PI: V. Iafolla AN ACCELEROMETER TO MEASURE THE INERTIAL ACCELERATIONS ACTING ON THE MPO • the global gravity field of Mercury and its temporal variations • the local gravity anomalies • the rotation state of Mercury • the orbit of the Mercury center–of–mass around the Sun

  11. MERMAGMagnetic Field Investigation PI: A. Balogh The primary objective • to provide magnetic field measurements that will lead to the detailed description of Mercury’s planetary magnetic field, and thereby constrain models of the evolution and current state of the planetary interior. The secondary objective • to contribute to the study of the interaction of the solar wind with the Hermean magnetic field and the planet itself, the formation and dynamics of the magnetosphere as well as to the processes that control the interaction of the magnetosphere with the planet.

  12. PI: E. Chassefiere PHEBUS: A FUV-EUV Spectrometer 1) Vertical/ geographic/ seasonal mapping of already detected elements (H, He, O, Na, K, Ca). 2) Search for still non-detected compounds (Si, Mg, Al, Fe, S, C, N, OH, H2), and vertical/ geographic/ seasonal mapping. 3) Search for noble gases other than He (Ne, Ar, Xe, Kr) and mapping/ monitoring if possible. 4) Search for ion species (He+, Na+, O+, Mg+, Al+, Ca+, C+, N+, S+, …) and mapping/ monitoring if possible. 5) Measurement of surface reflectance at 121.6 nm in polar craters in order to search for surface ice layers.

  13. SIMBIO-SYS • SIMBIO-SYS package: • It incorporates capabilities to perform: • medium space resolution global mapping in stereo and colour imaging using two pan-chromatic and 3 broad-band filters Stereo Channel STC; • high spatial resolution imaging in a pan-chromatic and 3 broad-band filters High Resolution Imaging Channel HRIC; • imaging spectroscopy in the spectral range 400  2000 nm Visible Infrared Hyperspectral Imager VIHI . Spectrometer and Imagers for MPO BepiColombo Integrated Observatory SYStem PI: E. Flamini • Classification of Mercury surface features • Mercury surface composition

  14. Surface geology: stratigraphy, geomorphology Volcanism: lava plain emplacement, volcanoes identification Global tectonics: structural geology, mechanical properties of lithosphere Surface age: crater population and morphometry, degradation processes Surface composition: maturity and crustal differentiation, weathering, rock forming minerals abundance determination Geophysics: libration measurements, internal planet dynamics SIMBIO-SYS Science

  15. MORE Mercury Orbiter Radio-science Experiment PI: L. Iess Scientific Objectives • Determine the gravity field of Mercury • Determine the size and physical state of its core • Provide crucial experimental constraints to models of Mercury’s internal structure • Test theories of gravity • Measure the gravitational oblateness of the Sun • Test and characterize the most advanced interplanetary tracking system ever built • Assess the performances of the novel tracking system in precise orbit determination and space navigation. 

  16. SERENASearchfor Exospheric Refillingand Emitted Natural AbundancesPI: S. Orsini Units: • ELENA: Emitted Low-Energy Neutral Atoms • STROFIO: Start from a ROtating FIeld spectrOmeter • MIPA: Miniature Ion Precipitation Analyser • PICAM: PlanetaryIonCAMera

  17. Mercury Gamma-ray and Neutron Spectrometer MGNS PI: I.G.Mitrofanov • Scientific goals: • to determine the elemental compositions by the measurements of nuclear lines of major soil-composing elements • to determine the elemental compositions by the measurements of the leakage flux of neutrons and of the lines of natural radioactive elements • to determine the regional distribution of volatile depositions on the polar areas of Mercury which are permanently shadowed from the Sun, and to provide a map of column density of this depositions

  18. MGNS Backup:MANGAMercury composition Analysisby Neutron and Gamma-ray spectoscopyPI: C. d'Uston

  19. MPO Payload Selection by SPC (Nov. 2004) • BELA Laser AltimeterN. Thomas / T. Spohn • ISA Radio ScienceV. IafollaAccelerometer • MERMAG MagnetometerA. Balogh • MERTIS IR SpectrometerE.K. Jessberger • MGNS or Gamma Ray andI. Mitrofanov • MANGA Neutron SpectrometerC. d'Uston • MIXS / X-ray SpectrometerS. Dunkin SIXS Solar MonitorJ. Houvelin • MORE Radio ScienceL. IessKa-band Transponder • PHEBUS UV SpectrometerE. Chassefiere • SERENA Neutral Particle Analyser/S. Orsini(Elena, MIPA, Ion Spectrometers PICAM, Strofio) • SIMBIO-SYSHigh Res.+ Stereo CamerasE. Flamini(HIRC, STC, VIHI)visual and NIR Spectrometer

  20. MPO Science Topics Instruments Morphology High Resolution Colour Camera Stereo Camera Vis-Near-IR Mapping Spectrom. TIR Map. Spectrom/Radiometer X-ray Spectrom/Solar Monitor γ-Ray Neutron Spectrometer Ultraviolet Spectrometer Neutral & Ion Particle Analyser Laser Altimeter Radio Science Experiment Magnetometer Surface Topography Composition Temperature State of Core Core/Mantle Interior Composition Magnetic Field Composition Dynamics Exosphere Surface Release Source/Sink Balance Structure, dynamics Magnetosphere plus MMO Payload Composition Interactions

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