Thursday, January 16 th

1. Thursday, January 16th Bell Work: Please turn in your newsletter to the homework bin and pick up the handout on the front table. Read the directions and complete the activity as directed. A unit outline link has been provided for your reference on the “Useful Links” page of the class wiki.

2. Daily Agenda: • Bell Work: Question Writing • WOD martinet • Review Pyramid • Lecture: Colonial America • Clicker Review • Essay: Colonial America Essential Question: Were the American colonies secular? How did this work to their favor and/or as a hindrance? Homework: Finish 1st Draft of Unit 1 Essay!

4. MARTINET- a strict disciplinarian; a person who demands absolute adherence to forms and rules Pronunciation Complete the analogy Rigid : Inflexible; Martinet:___________ Pushover Flexible Disciplinarian Analogy January 16, Block 4

5. MARTINET- a strict disciplinarian; a person who demands absolute adherence to forms and rules Complete the analogy Rigid : Inflexible; Martinet:___________ Pushover Flexible Disciplinarian Analogy January 16, Block 4

6. Colonial 1700s Unit 1.5

7. Religion in the Colonies: • Puritans and Separatists  sought to reform or separate from the Church of England. Goal: Form a “City on a Hill” for the rest of the world to aspire to. • Antinomianism – “under the gospel dispensation of grace the moral law is of no use or obligation because faith alone is necessary to salvation“. Challenged the strict political control that religious leaders imposed in Massachusetts. (Battle between Church and State) • Quakers – Society of Friends: Immigrated to Delaware and Pennsylvania. Came to be associated with the values of honesty, integrity, and tolerance. • Maryland Act of Toleration – Founded by Lord Baltimore, a Catholic, Maryland was quickly overrun with protestants who threatened the power of the Catholic minority. So… • Why was religion not as divisive an issue in the Southern states? • Great Awakening: Religious Revivalism of the 1730s and 40s. Why? Themes? (Valued Emotion over Intellect, spirituality over doctrine)

8. Enforcement of Mercantilism • Salutary Neglect • Navigation Acts were not enforced. • What do you do when a law is not enforced? Like speed limits. • Most colonial traders basically followed the rules, but became more independent. • Side effect – more shipbuilding and use of secondary ports. • What happened when the Crown starting enforcing the laws after years of salutary neglect? • Navigation Acts • Starting in the mid-1600s, Britain passed these laws that said the British Colonies could only trade with Britain. • All trade products must pass through Britain on their way to the colonies.

9. Slavery • In the beginning, all of the colonies had slavery. • What happened after Bacon’s Rebellion? • Why would it die out in the Northern colonies, but continue to exist in the Southern colonies? • How are the Northern colonies not blameless when it comes to the growth of slavery?

10. Slave Culture • Slave society in south tied in with white society • Some developed their own cultures • Gullah – hybrid language • Religion – mix Christianity and African folklore • Wide range of how treated • Stono Rebellion 1739 showed not all good • Negro Act of 1740 – Punishments for mistreatment of slaves, 10-yr moratorium on slave trade, limited education, assembly, and movement for slaves • Some slaves able to purchase their own manumission

11. Colonial Women • Fewer women in Chesapeake colonies. What would that mean for “power?” • Patriarchal Society • Midwives helping with multiple childbirths (every other year average) • Lower life expectancy. Why? • Notable women of period: • Anne Hutchinson • Phyllis Wheatley – African American poet

12. Another American Ideal Born • Zenger Trial (1734) – John Peter Zenger had criticized the gov’t in his paper. He was tried, but found innocent as it was factually true. • The ideas of Freedom of Speech and Freedom of the Press are taking hold in the colonies. (as well as due process when accused of a crime)

13. Differences between Colonists and their cousins back in Britain • More mobility (socially and economically) • Wealthier • More Literate • Healthier • Taller • More independent/free (gov’t)

14. Please come grab a clicker from the front of the classroom. Clicker Quiz

15. Before 1492, many American Indian cultures were strongly influenced by the A – spread of corn cultivation B – ravages of smallpox epidemics C – regular contacts with Africa D – invention of the spoked wheel E – domestication of horses

16. The Navigation Acts were part of the British policy known as A – isolationism B – capitalism C – mercantilism D – monopolism E – imperialism

17. The Dutch settled New Netherland primarily to A – secure a refuge for the persecuted B – check the growth of English colonies in North America C – expand their commercial and mercantile network D – gain colonies to produce agricultural surpluses E – secure naval supplies

18. The North American colonies took advantage of Great Britain’s policy of salutary neglect to 2001-52% A – establish religious freedom as a fundamental right B - work out trade agreements to acquire needed products from other countries C – introduce the practice of slavery into the New World D – Establish a standing army E – make favorable territorial settlements with the French

19. Which of the following was true of the Northeast American tribes at the time Europeans began colonization A – Their economies depended entirely on hunting and gathering. B – Their political and linguistic differences hindered their united opposition to the Europeans. C – Their populations were immune to European diseases. D – Their warriors rarely engaged in intertribal warfare. E – Their cultures made no distinction between men’s work and women’s work 2001-39%

20. The Halfway Covenant provided for which of the following? A – The baptism of children of baptized but unconverted Puritans. B – The granting of suffrage to non church members. C – The expansion of women’s power within the Congregational church. D – The granting of full membership in the Congregational church to all New Englanders. E – The posting of banns by engaged couples.

21. The Puritans believed that their purpose in the colonies was to: A. become an example of faith for the world to see B. create a democracy that would model ancient Greece C. abide by the rules of the Church of England D. earn riches to send back to the Mother Country E. forge an alliance with natives in order to gain power for England

22. Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams were expelled from the Massachusetts Bay Colony because they A – did not believe in the grace of God B – felt the individual was just as important as faith C – did not wish to separate from the Church of England D – questioned the practice of antinomianism E – refused the Half-Way Covenant

23. How were the Mayflower Compact and the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut similar in purpose? A – Both established specific requirements for voting and defined the powers of the governor. B – Both established democracy for men and women in their respective colonies. C – Both extended religious toleration to all who wished to settle in New England. D – Both were covenants that suggested men must work together to achieve their goals. E – Both were agreements for leaving the colonies if conditions became too harsh.

24. The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 were A – a product of poisoning of the colonists by native tribes B – indicative of social and economic tensions among colonists C – a phenomena isolated to Salem D – attacks by elite women on poorer citizens E – isolated by the hunting of female victims

25. For the Remainder of Class: • Please read over the directions for your Unit 1 Essay. • Look over the grading rubric before you begin writing. • Use the remainder of class to work on your rough draft (due tomorrow). • Final draft will have to be typed, double-spaced, 12 pt. Times New Roman font, and submitted to turnitin.com.