WEEK 1 Curriculum & Instruction

1. WEEK 1Curriculum & Instruction EDU555 En. MuhamadFurkan Mat Salleh FakultiPendidikan UniversitiTeknologi MARA

2. In this course, you will learn about: • What is curriculum • Curriculum development • Curriculum in Malaysian schools • Course design • What is instruction • Teaching and learning • Microteaching

3. Curriculum • The word “Curriculum” originates from the Latin word “currere” which means “a race course” • Curriculum is commonly defined as “a plan of study” • For example: KSSR or Kurikulum Standard SekolahRendah is a plan of study for Malaysian Primary school for a period of 6 years.KBSM or KurikulumBersepaduSekolahMenengah is a plan of study for Malaysian Secondary school for a period of 5 yearsThe B. Sc Ed (Biology/Physics) Curriculum is a plan of study for a period of 4 years in order to obtain the B. Sc Ed (Bio/Phy) degree.

4. Instruction • Refers to the process of giving instruction in a classroom through the process of teaching and learning. • Instruction thus, is the process of implementing the curriculum through the process of teaching and learning by using various approaches, methods and technique. • According to Saylor (1981), instruction is the actual engagements of learners with planned learning. • As such, curriculum is often associated with instruction.

5. Definition of Curriculum • Curriculum has been defined differently by different people according to the purposes and functions. • The following are some definitions of curriculum: • “ a course of study” – Dressel • “ a plan for providing sets of learning opportunities for persons to be educated” - Saylor et al., 1981 • “An organized set of formal education and/or training intentions”- David Pratt • “ a plan of learning” – Taba, 1962

6. Definition of Curriculum • Jon Wiles and Joseph Bondi view curriculum as a four-step plan involving “purposes, design, implementation and assessment.” • “ a total instructional program composed of syllabus or individual course programs – Bowen • “A general over-all plan of the content or specific materials of instruction that the school should offer the student by way of qualifying him for graduation or certification for entrance into a professional or vocational field” - Good

7. Definition of Curriculum • Ministry of Education, Malaysia according to AktaPendidikan 1996 “Satu program pendidikan yang termasukkurikulumdankegiatanko-kurikulum yang merangkumisemuapengetahuan, kemahiran, norma, nilai, unsurkebudayaan, dankepercayaanuntukmembantuperkembanganseseorangmuriddengansepenuhnyadarisegirohani, jasmani, mental danemosisertauntukmenyampaikanpengetahuan.”

8. Definition of Curriculum • Based on the various definitions given, a curriculum consists of: • A plan which is documented • Consisting of a set of objectives • A list of contents and learning experiences • Suggested method of teaching or instruction • A process of evaluation or assessment methods

9. Curriculum and Instruction • The word curriculum is often associated with instruction, where: • Curriculum refers to the plan or document. • Instruction refers to the methods of presenting or implementing the curriculum content or plan.

10. For the purpose of instruction, curriculum can be further sub-divided as follows: CURRICULUM A plan of study consisting of one or more course(s) or subject(s) SYLLABUS A plan for a particular course or subject SCHEME OF WORK A detailed outline of the syllabus, divided into weeks, sessions, or hours etc. LESSON PLAN A plan for a particular lesson or instruction

11. Curriculum and Instruction in Malaysian Schools CURRICULUM Plan of studies (KSSR, KBSM) Based on National Education Philosophy (NEP) Developed by Curriculum Development Division (CDD) SYLLABUS Documented for the various subjects Supported with HuraianSukatanPelajaran (HSP) Consisting of Topics and Sub-topics and details for teaching and learning SCHEME OF WORK Planned according to school year and organized by weeks LESSON PLAN Planned by teachers for each lesson by referring to the Scheme of Work

12. Curriculum and Instruction in Malaysian IHL CURRICULUM Planned by the respective institution Based on the Philosophy, Vision and Mission SYLLABUS Documented for the various subjects or course Consisting of Topics and Sub-topics and details for teaching and learning SCHEME OF WORK Planned according to semester and organized by weeks 14 weeks for each semester LESSON PLAN Planned by lecturers for each lesson by referring to the Scheme of Work

13. EDUCATION SYSTEM IN MALAYSIAN SCHOOLS Centralized, top-down system Standardized curriculum prepared by CDD MINISTRY OF EDUCATION PENGARAH PENDIDIKAN NEGERI Primary School Secondary School JPN PEGAWAI PENDIDIKAN DAERAH Primary School Secondary School PPD SCHOOL PENGETUA, GURU BESAR, GURU PENOLONG KANAN, KETUA PANITIA

14. CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DIVISION(CDD) • To prepare and develop the school curriculum • To disseminate and implement the curriculum • To oversee the implementation of curriculum • To prepare the supporting materials • To evaluate the curriculum development process

15. Important Departments at MoE • BPG – BahagianPendidikan Guru or Teacher Education Division. Responsible for the training of school teachers. • BSS – BahagianSekolah-sekolah or Schools Division. Responsible for the placement of teachers in schools and related services. • LPM – LembagaPeperiksaan Malaysia or Malaysian Examination Syndicate. Responsible for centralized examination. • UTP – Unit TeknologiPendidikan or Educational Technology Division. Resource center for educational technology services. • BBT – Biro BukuTeks or Textbook Bureau. Responsible for School Textbooks. (SPBT – Skim PinjamanBukuTeks) • BPPDP – BahagianPerancangandanPenyelidikanDasarPendidikan or Educational Planning and Research Division (EPRD)

16. THANK YOU