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Chapter 3 Ecosystem Ecology

Chapter 3 Ecosystem Ecology. Ecology. Ecology “eco” house & “logy” study of The study of interactions among and between organisms in their abiotic environment Broadest field in biology Biotic- living environment Includes all organisms Abiotic- non living or physical environment

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Chapter 3 Ecosystem Ecology

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  1. Chapter 3Ecosystem Ecology

  2. Ecology • Ecology • “eco” house & “logy” study of • The study of interactions among and between organisms in their abiotic environment • Broadest field in biology • Biotic- living environment • Includes all organisms • Abiotic- non living or physical environment • Includes living space, sunlight, soil, precipitation, etc.

  3. Energy • The ability or capacity to do work • Chemical, radiant, thermal, mechanical, nuclear, electrical • Energy exists as: • Potential energy (stored energy) • Kinetic energy (energy of motion)

  4. Thermodynamics • Study of energy and its transformations • System- the object being studied • Closed System does not exchange energy with surroundings (rare in nature) • Open System exchanges energy with surroundings

  5. Laws of Thermodynamics • First Law of Thermodynamics • Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can change from one form to another • Ex: organisms cannot create energy they need to survive- they must capture it from another source • Focus is on quantity • Second Law of Thermodynamics • When energy is converted from one form to another, some of it is degraded to heat • Heat is highly entropic (disorganized) • Focus is on quality

  6. C6H12O6 + 6 H2O + 6 O2 Photosynthesis • Biological process by which energy from the sun (radiant energy) is transformed into chemical energy of sugar molecules • Energy captured by plants via photosynthesis is transferred to the organisms that eat the plants 6 CO2 + 12 H2O + radiant energy

  7. Cellular Respiration • The process where the chemical energy captured in photosynthesis is released within cells of plants and animals • This energy is then used for biological work • Creating new cells, reproduction, movement, etc. C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6 H2O 6 CO2 + 12 H2O + energy

  8. Energy Flow • Passage of energy in a one-way direction through an ecosystem • Producers • Primary consumers • Secondary consumers • Decomposers

  9. Food Chains- The Path of Energy Flow • Energy from food passes from one organism to another • Each “link” is called a trophic level

  10. Food webs represent interlocking food chains that connect all organisms in an ecosystem

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