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LH. Biology Heredity Benchmark 2

LH. Biology Heredity Benchmark 2. Describe how genetic material is passed from parent to young during sexual and asexual reproduction. The Cell Cycle. Gap. Mitosis. DNA Synthesis. Gap. Check Point G2. C H E C K P O I N T S. C E L L C Y C L E. Checkpoint Metaphase.

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LH. Biology Heredity Benchmark 2

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  1. LH. Biology Heredity Benchmark 2 Describe how genetic material is passed from parent to young during sexual and asexual reproduction.

  2. The Cell Cycle Gap Mitosis DNA Synthesis Gap

  3. Check Point G2 C H E C K P O I N T S C E L L C Y C L E Checkpoint Metaphase M G2 G1 S Checkpoint G1

  4. Nucleus

  5. The Stages of Mitosis G1 S G2 P r o p h a s e Anaphase Metaphase Telophase

  6. Kingdom Protista Paramecium (meiosis) Paramecium (Mitosis) Responding to what's available in the environment... Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction

  7. Stages of Meiosis I Crossing Over Recombination Haploid # Metaphase I Telophase I Prophase I Anaphase I Chromosomes condense and pair with homologue Each homologue separates from its partner Reduction Division

  8. Stages of Meiosis II Sister Chromatids attached at the. . . 4 Gametes Anaphase II Sister Chromatids Separate Metaphase II Prophase II Telophase II Cytokinesis Centromere

  9. Sammy Sperm + Emily Egg Statistics: Only one or twohundred sperm of the original half billion manage to approach the waiting egg.

  10. Key concepts Types of cell division mitosis meiosis DNA replication chromosome Types of reproduction Sexual Asexual Genetic variation

  11. Human Chromosome http://cmgm.stanford.edu/biochem/biochem201/Slides/Chromatin%20Structure/

  12. DNA Replication http://www.genome.iastate.edu/edu/doe/fig4.html

  13. Protein Synthesis http://www.sidwell.edu/us/science/vlb98/projects/protein/smarks/

  14. Tools A-V media Diagrams showing DNA replication during cell division.

  15. Real-world Contexts Fruit flies Fruit fly development Yeast Reproduction by spores Cloning http://www.wi.mit.edu/nap/2002/nap_press_02_tc.html

  16. Which of the following explains why • the process of meiosis is important? • To make the identical cells characteristic • of asexual reproduction • It allows for offspring to have the correct • number of chromosomes following fertilization. • It increases the number of chromosomes • in a cell. More genetic information is a good thing • D. It decreases the variability in a species

  17. A. To make the identical cells characteristic of asexual reproduction • Incorrect: Meiosis is a process which takes place in SEXUALLY reproducing organisms Return to the question

  18. You Pass with Flying Colors • B. It allows for offspring to have the correct number of chromosomes following fertilization. • Correct: meiosis reducing the number of chromosomes in the sex cells to half the amount found in other cells of the body. When these sex cells (gametes) meet during fertilization, the correct number is restored. If this did not occur, the number of chromosomes would double in each generation. Return to the question

  19. C. It increases the number of chromosomes in a cell. More genetic information is a good thing • Incorrect: See B above. Down’s Syndrome children have one extra chromosome. Having extra chromosomes is detrimental Return to the question

  20. D. It decreases the variability in a species • Incorrect: Meiosis increases the variability by combining the traits from both parents Return to the question

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