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Water Resource Management in the Overexploited Melian Basin, Tunisia: A Case Study

This case study focuses on the Melian basin in Tunisia, emphasizing water resource management challenges and strategies. With an area of 553 km² and a population of 390,000, the basin features a dense drainage network, two reservoirs, and 2,500 wells. However, groundwater exploitation has reached 150% of sustainable levels, leading to quality deterioration. This document discusses complex management issues, external dependency on water imports, and offers recommendations for optimization, including new treatment plants and artificial recharge initiatives.

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Water Resource Management in the Overexploited Melian Basin, Tunisia: A Case Study

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  1. OPTIMA PROJECT Fourth Management Board Meeting December 19-20, 2006 Milano Tunisia case study CNTD-2006

  2. CASE STUDY • Water use • Domestic • Industry • Agriculture Melian basin Increase • Area = 553Km² • Population = 390 000 inhabitants • 4 subcatchments • Dense Drainage network Nodes • 2 reservoirs • 26 mountain lakes • 2500 wells Aquifer • Lithology = Plio-quaternary • Groundwater storage = 27.31 MCM/ year • Exploitation = 28.1 MCM / year • Nbre of Bore holes = 494 • State = overexploited Case study: Melian basin, TUNISIA CNTD-2006

  3. RIVER BASIN DATABASE CNTD-2006

  4. ECONOMICS CNTD-2006

  5. DEMOGRAPHY CNTD-2006

  6. INSTITUTIONS CNTD-2006

  7. DEMAND CNTD-2006

  8. RAINFALL- RUNOFF MODEL CNTD-2006

  9. WATER RESSOURCE MANAGEMENT MODEL(WRM) CNTD-2006

  10. DATA COLLECTED Irrigation Districts CNTD-2006

  11. DATA COLLECTED Water consumption volume per use (1000 m3 )- year 2000 CNTD-2006

  12. DATA COLLECTED Aquifer parameters CNTD-2006

  13. DATA COLLECTED • Collection of 2500 wells built in the case study: complete information is available concerning: wells depth, diameter, usage, exploitation, equipment, standing water level, dry residue… • Dams: name, coordinates , sector, year of construction, storage capacity, irrigated area, inflow water, name of catchment… • Collection of historic data related to the wells’ observation in the groundwater • Mountains Lakes: name, coordinates, realization year, name of catchment, area of the catchment, storage capacity, delegation… • Observation well: name, coordinates, year, dry residue, standing water level… • Collection of hydrologic, hydrogeologic and economic data CNTD-2006

  14. WATERWARE NODES CHART CNTD-2006

  15. NEW TOPOLOGIC MODEL Demand node M’chergua reservoir End node Start node Melian basin TP Melah basin Reservoir node Medjerda canal Rmel basin Hma reservoir GW-SONED El Gola-SONED Irrigation Hma basin Domestic GW Industry TP Sea CNTD-2006

  16. Implementation of WRM model CNTD-2006

  17. DOMESTIC NODE CNTD-2006

  18. IRRIGATION NODE CNTD-2006

  19. BIR M’CHARGUA RESERVOIR CNTD-2006

  20. EL HMA RESERVOIR CNTD-2006

  21. GROUNDWATER CNTD-2006

  22. MIOCENOUS GW CNTD-2006

  23. OLIGOCENOUS GW CNTD-2006

  24. PLIO-QUATERNARY GW CNTD-2006

  25. WRM RESULTS CNTD-2006

  26. WRM RESULTS (2) CNTD-2006

  27. WRMECONOMIC RESULTS CNTD-2006

  28. PROBLEMS RELATED TO OUR CASE STUDY • Water supply is very dependent on the external importations of water • Water management in the basin is very complex because of the multitude of stakeholders involved in water issues • Drainage of used water (from sabkhat sijoumi) into the Melian basin is causing pollution into marine environment • The runoff in the Melian basin is very low • The groundwater is overexploited (150%), this situation leads to the deterioration of the groundwater quality CNTD-2006

  29. WATER RESOURCES OPTIMIZATION • Reduce the water exploitation of the groundwater • Creation of a new treatment plant in the area to exploit the treated water for irrigation • Restoration and rehabilitation of Sabkhat Sijoumi by ONAS (The National Sanitation Board ) • Increase of the groundwater quantity by artificial recharge coming from surface water that is not exploited at present CNTD-2006

  30. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION CNTD-2006

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