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Human Resource Management. The purpose of this chapter is to thoroughly familiarize you with the human resource management process and the role of the manager in this process.
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Human Resource Management • The purpose of this chapter is to thoroughly familiarize you with the human resource management process and the role of the manager in this process. • We will look at the essential elements of human resources management and identify what is needed to attract, develop, and maintain a quality workforce.
Human Resource Management • A term used to describe the wide variety of activities involved in attracting, developing and maintaining a talented and energetic workforce.
Human Resource Management • It involves managerial responsibility not only for staffing organizations with capable workers, but also for ensuring that their performance potential is fully realized.
Human Resources Management • Attracting a quality workforce • HR Planning - Recruitment - Selection • Developing a quality workforce • Orientation - Training and Development - • Career Planning and Development
Human Resources Management • Maintaining a quality workforce • Managing Retention and Turnover - • Performance Appraisal • Compensation and Benefits • Labor Management Relations
Influences of theLegal Environment • HR management must be accomplished within the framework of government laws and regulations, which cover activities related to: • Pay - Employee Rights - Retirement - • Occupational Health and Safety - Privacy • Vocational Rehabilitation • Employment Discrimination • Labor Relations
Employment Discrimination • "Employment-at-Will" Doctrine • 1926 - Railway Labor Act • 1935 - Wagner Act (NLRA) • 1963 - Equal Pay Act • 1964 - Civil Rights • EEO Act (Affirmative Action / EEOC) • 1981 - Age Discrimination Act • 1990 - Americans With Disabilities Act
Human Resource Planning • The process of analyzing staffing needs and identifying actions to satisfy these needs over time. • It must support the implementation of strategies and advance the accomplishment of key objectives.
Human Resource Planning • It is having the right people available to do the required work essential to the success of any strategy, and • It is the responsibility of all managers to ensure that all jobs in their work units are filled with people who canbest perform the required tasks.
Steps in the HR Planning Process • Review organizational strategies and objectives. • Establish and refine HR objectives and policies to compliment the strategic plans. • Establish HR needs……..via • Job Analysis • Job Description • Job Specifications.
Steps in the HR Planning Process • Forecast....Project future staffing requirements and anticipate internal and external supply. • HR Audit • Replacement Charts • Succession Tables • Take action…recruit - terminate - transfer - promote - whatever….
Attracting A Quality Workforce • The Recruiting Process • Advertising of job vacancy. • Preliminary contact with potential job candidate. • Initial screening to create a pool of candidates.
Attracting A Quality Workforce • Recruiting Practices • External • Internal • Traditional • Realistic
Attracting A Quality Workforce • Making Selection Decisions • Application Forms • Interview or Site Visit • Employment Tests (Validity and Reliability) • Reference Checks • Physical Examinations • Analysis and Decision
Developing A Quality Workforce • SOCIALIZATION • A process of systematically changing the expectations, behavior, and attitudes of a new employee in a manner considered desirable by the organization.
Developing A Quality Workforce • SOCIALIZATION • It begins with the initial Employee Orientation and continues during later training and development activities as well as day-to-day supervisor-subordinate relations.
Developing A Quality Workforce • Training and Development • A set of activities that provides learning opportunities through which people acquire and improve job related skills.
Developing A Quality Workforce • Types of Training • On-the-Job • Job Rotation - Coaching - Apprenticeship Modeling - Mentoring • Off-the-Job • Management Development • Management Simulation Games
Developing A Quality Workforce • The Role of Performance Appraisal • The process of formally assessing someone's work and providing feedback on performance.
Developing A Quality Workforce • Purposes of Performance Appraisal • Evaluation: Letting people know where they stand relative to objectives and standards. • Development: Assisting in the training and continued personal development of people.
Developing A Quality Workforce • Performance Appraisal Methods • Graphic Rating Scales • Narrative Technique • Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales • Critical-Incident Techniques • Multiperson Comparisons
Maintaining A Quality Workforce • Career Development • A Career is a sequence of jobs and work pursuits constituting what a person does for a living. • A Career Path • A sequence of jobs held over time during a career.
Maintaining A Quality Workforce • Career Planning • Is the process of systematically matching career goals and individual capabilities with opportunities for their fulfillment.
Maintaining A Quality Workforce • Career Stages • The Move to Early Adulthood • Mid-life Transition • Middle and Later Adulthood • A Career Plateau
Maintaining A Quality Workforce • Retention and Turnover • Promotions • Transfers • Layoffs • Retirements • Early Retirements • Firings
Maintaining A Quality Workforce • Managing Compensation and Benefits • Base Compensation • Fringe Benefits • Competitive Structures • Flexible Programs
Maintaining A Quality Workforce • Labor-Management Relations • Labor unions are organizations to which workers belong and which collectively deal with employers on their behalf. • Typical Provisions of a Union Contract • Job Specification and Work Rules • Seniority Provisions • Compensation • Grievance Mechanisms
Legislation Governing Labor-Management Relations • The National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) 1935 • The Labor Management Relations Act (Taft-Hartly) 1947 • The Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act (Landrum- Griffith) 1959
Unions Use Strike Boycott Picket Slowdown Companies Use Lockout Strike Breakers Injunctions Bargaining Strategies
Bargaining Strategies • The Traditional Adversarial View • "Win-Lose” • The New and Emerging View • "Win-Win"