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An Early Nanotechnologist?

Discover Benjamin Franklin's innovative nanotechnology experiment using a monolayer film of oil on water to determine its thickness, showcasing early advancements in the field. Learn about Langmuir films, challenges faced, and the significance of this experiment in nanoscience education.

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An Early Nanotechnologist?

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  1. An Early Nanotechnologist?

  2. Excerpt from Letter of Benjamin Franklin to William Brownrigg (Nov. 7, 1773) ...At length being at Clapham, where there is, on the Common, a large Pond ... I fetched out a Cruet of Oil, and dropt a little of it on the Water. I saw it spread itself with surprising Swiftness upon the Surface ... the Oil tho' not more than a Tea Spoonful ... which spread amazingly, and extended itself gradually till it reached the Lee Side, making all that Quarter of the Pond, perhaps half an Acre, as smooth as a Looking Glass....

  3. ... the Oil tho' not more than a Tea Spoonful ... ... perhaps half an Acre CHALLENGE: How thick was the film of oil? Volume = (Area)(Thickness) V = A t It can be determined that the thickness is about 1 nanometer (classroom activity)

  4. An Early Nanotechnologist! A monolayer film (single layer of molecules) Langmuir film 1 nm thick

  5. 2 cm3 = 20,000,000 cm2 ~ 2 cm3 V = 1 teaspoonful A = 0.5 acre ~ 2,000 m2 ... the Oil tho' not more than a Tea Spoonful ... ... perhaps half an Acre CHALLENGE: How thick was the film of oil? Volume = (Area)(Thickness) V = A t t = V/A = 0.0000001 cm = 1 x 10-7 cm = 1 x 10-9 m = 1 nanometer (nm) 20,000,000 cm2

  6. hydrophobic end e.g., steric acid pressure LangmuirFilm of an amphiphilic molecule monolayer film water hydrophilic end

  7. multiple dips - multiple layers Must control movable barrier to keep constant pressure Langmuir-Blodgett Film

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