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Scientific Method: Problem, Research, Hypothesis, Procedure, Observations, Data, Conclusion

Learn all about the scientific method, including how to formulate a testable question, conduct research, create a hypothesis, design and conduct an experiment, record observations, analyze data, and draw conclusions.

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Scientific Method: Problem, Research, Hypothesis, Procedure, Observations, Data, Conclusion

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  1. Scientific Method

  2. Problem or Question • Research • Hypothesis • Procedure • Observations • Data • Conclusion

  3. 1. Problem/Question What question does the researcher want answered?? The question that must be testable.

  4. 2. Research You must gather information from online sources, books, printed material, other people and prior knowledge.

  5. Hypothesis • A possible explanation for observations that relate to a scientific question • Must be testable by observation or experiment • It is a Scientific “Guess” • Example: I think that if I water the plant everyday it will grow.

  6. 4. Conduct an experiment Complete an experiment to test the stated hypothesis; the experiment includes procedures and can involve observations that utilize 5 senses.

  7. Observation • Uses all five senses • Sight • Hearing • Touch • Smell • Taste You use all five of these to gather information

  8. 5. Record Results Record the data gathered from an experiment in a table, chart, or graph

  9. Data • Observations and measurements recorded during an experiment

  10. 6. CONCLUSION Communicate results and EXPLAIN possible errors that occurred or your results.

  11. Variables • Factors that can CHANGE during an experiment • 3 Types of Variables • Controlling • Responding • Manipulated

  12. Controlled Variable • The variable that stays the SAME • Example: You have two plants that are both in the same pot, with the same amount of soil, the same amount of seeds and have the same amount of water. You place one in front of the window and the other in a closet. After two weeks you measure to see the growth of each of the plants.

  13. Manipulated Variable • The variable that the scientist CHANGES • Independent variable • Example: You have two plants that are both in the same pot, with the same amount of soil, the same amount of seeds and have the same amount of water. You place one in front of the window and the other in a closet. After two weeks you measure to see the growth of each of the plants.

  14. Responding Variable • The variable that the scientist Measures • Dependent variable • Example: You have two plants that are both in the same pot, with the same amount of soil, the same amount of seeds and have the same amount of water. You place one in front of the window and the other in a closet. After two weeks you measure to see the growth of each of the plants.

  15. Results • There are many different ways to organize the data into your results • Bar Graph • Data Table • Line Graph • Circle Graph

  16. Conclusion • Compare Hypothesis to the Data • How to begin…. According to my data, my hypothesis was right or wrong because…. I think this happened because….If I were to do this experiment again I would…..

  17. Scientific Law • A statement that describes what scientists expect to happen EVERY time under a particular set of conditions. Example:Law of gravity …what goes up will come down…(happens every time)

  18. Scientific Theory • A well-tested idea that explains and connects a wide range of observations. • Can be changed because of new evidence • Example: My theory is that everyone in this class will get an A+ on their first test

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