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World History Semester 1 Review

World History Semester 1 Review. The Neolithic Revolution. Man started to farm and domesticate animals No longer had to depend on herds Could now stay in one place. Where is Stonehenge and the Nazca Lines??. Stonehenge: England. Nazca Lines: Peru.

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World History Semester 1 Review

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  1. World History Semester 1 Review

  2. The Neolithic Revolution • Man started to farm and domesticate animals • No longer had to depend on herds • Could now stay in one place

  3. Where is Stonehenge and the Nazca Lines?? Stonehenge: England Nazca Lines: Peru

  4. Who was King Hammurabi and what did he do? • Hammurabi was King of the Babylonian civilization who created a set of 282 laws for his people to live by. This was the first laws written down in history. They were placed on a large pillar and put in the center of town for all to see. Today you can visit Hammurabi’s Code of Laws in the Louvre Museum in Paris, France. • Would have been used in Tigris-Euphrates river valley civilization

  5. Code of Hammurabi

  6. Ancient Egypt • Worshipped gods such as Isis, Anubis, and Ra • Egyptian pyramids built about 4,700 years ago • An ancient Egyptian man who learned to read and write hieroglyphs was called a scribe

  7. Ancient Sumer and Early Hebrews • Sumer: Worshipped many different gods-polytheistic & developed cuneiform • Hebrews developed monotheism-belief in one god

  8. Many present-day scholars have begun using terms other than B.C. and A.D. to refer to dates. What are the new terms? • BCE-Before Common Era & CE-Common Era

  9. What characteristics do the 4 early river valley civilizations have in common? • They all built cities, made and used metals, all near a river, invented writing system, had social structure, farmed and domesticated animals • The 4 early river valleys: Nile (Egypt), Indus (India), Tigris-Euphrates (Mesopotamia), Yellow (China)

  10. What are the top qualities a civilization needs to have to be successful? • 1. Good leaders • 2. Fertile land/be near water • 3. System of trade/way to make money • 4. Laws • 5. Strong military • And many more… 

  11. Can you explain the Caste system in ancient India? • Way to divide society • Priests and warriors at the top • Craftsmen and peasants at the bottom • Lowest class was untouchables-had worst jobs, considered unclean • Born into a caste and could not move into a higher caste until you were reincarnated

  12. Be familiar with the 5 world religions and know their similarities and differences, their religious texts and major prophets and beliefs • Christianity • Judaism • Buddhism • Hinduism • Islam

  13. What is external and internal migration? • External-moving across an international border • Example: Move from England to China • Internal-moving within a country • Example: Move from Pennsylvania to Florida

  14. Name contributions of the ancient Greeks: • 1. architecture • 2. humanities • 3. democracy • 4. Olympics

  15. The Glory that was Greece • Philosophers interested in rational thinking, mathematics, ethics, and music. • Socrates (Athenian) wrote no books. We know about him through his student Plato. • Socratic method-question and answers • Put on trial at age 70 (accused of corrupting youth) Sentenced to death-drank poison hemlock. • Plato disturbed by Socrates execution-he left Athens for 10 years • Came back set up school the Academy. • Emphasized importance of reason. • Taught his own ideas/beliefs. • Parthenon-dedicated to goddess Athena. • Greece developed Olympic games for sport but to also honor the gods • Greek culture would later influence Romes

  16. The Acropolis Today

  17. The Parthenon

  18. The Classical Greek “Ideal” CENSORED CENSORED

  19. The Venus de Milo & Winged Victory-both in Louvre Museum in Paris

  20. Trojan War in a nutshell • Trojan war-Mycenae vs. Troy. • Legend says Paris kidnapped Helen-beautiful wife of a Greek King = • Mycenae sailed to Troy to rescue her. • 10 year battle-Greeks finally defeated Troy. • Most scholars agree that the Trojan War did take place.

  21. The Rise of the Greek City-States: Life in Sparta • Sparta-made conquered people be their slaves. • Set up brutal system of strict control. • Very strict-own citizens could not travel, did not like new ideas/arts. • Military huge! Sickly children were abandoned and left to die. • Age 7 boys began training for military. • Women expected to have many healthy sons to add to the military.

  22. The Rise of the Greek City-States: Life in Athens • Athens became a democracy. (limited) only males could participate in govt. • Women managed entire household. • Athenians encouraged to explore all areas of knowledge. • Which city-state would you have rather lived in?

  23. Battle of Thermopylae • Led by King Leonidas (approx 300) elite Spartan warriors tried to hold back Xerxes/Persians. Spartans put up a good fight but all killed. • Persians went on to Athens and burned it, but people had already left the city • Athenians lured Persian navy into a trap at the straight of Salamis and destroyed their fleet • Persian Wars-kicked Persia out of Greece=Greece won!

  24. The Peloponnesian War: • Athens vs. Sparta • 27 years it lasted • Sparta joined forces with Persia (former enemy) • Athens lost • Ended Athenian domination

  25. Why did the Roman empire collapse? • Military: Barbaric invasions. Empire was to large for army to protect. • Economic: High taxes and inflation • Social: Huge gap between the rich and the poor. Slave labor was so abundant that Roman citizens felt no need to work or to learn. The wealthy class becoming uninterested in politics and the army • Political: No clear line of emperor succession. Poor leadership by emperors, who often met untimely deaths. • Rome-rise to fall: 1,000 years

  26. Ancient Rome • Christianity started in Roman empire • Know the difference between plebeians and patricians • What regions did the Roman empire dominate at its height? • Roman empire replaced Etruscan civilization then went on to conquer all of southern Europe, north Africa, and near east

  27. The Pantheon in Rome-church dedicated to all Roman gods

  28. The Colosseum in Rome-Gladiator fights were held here.

  29. The inside of the Colosseum

  30. List ways the Roman people benefited from Caesar's reign. • Caesar was a great speaker and started out as a lawyer • Elected to military tribune-3 rulers • Led military expedition and conquered Gaul (France) and ruled as Govenor • Eventually made dictator • He gave land to veterans, grain to poor, granted citizenship to the people living in provinces and ordered the establishment of the 365 day calendar. • He reduced the power of the Senate to an advisory council. • Smart politician and brilliant military strategist

  31. What is the difference between democracy (developed in ancient Greece) and a republic (developed in ancient Rome)? • Democracy means government by the people who vote on everything. You must have been considered a citizen to have a say. • In a republic citizens elect representatives that uphold/fight for their values and ideals. • The United States today is a representative democracy where citizens elect representatives to speak for them

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