1. Unit 11Surface Rescues • Assessing Risk • The Approach • Surface Rescue Priorities • Mouth to Mouth Rescue Breathing • Mouth to Snorkel Rescue Breathing • Pocket Mask Rescue Breathing • Dealing with Panic at the Surface • Escape • Defense • Assessing the Problem • Equipment Considerations

2. Surface Rescuescontinued • Towing • Auxiliary Surface Rescue Aids • Moving an Injured Diver • Removing a Victim from the Water • Terrain Issues • Parbuckling • Found Objects • Carries and Lifts • Dragging a Victim • Shore Carries with Help

3. Assessing Risk • Act accordingly.

4. The Approach • Planning determines success.

5. Surface Rescue Priorities • Ensure buoyancy. • Ensure breathing.

6. Mouth to Mouth Rescue Breathing • Effective rescue breathing requires:

7. Mouth to Snorkel Rescue Breathing • A much different technique:

8. Pocket Mask Rescue Breathing • An excellent alternative for rescue breathing. • The technique for using the pocket mask:

9. Dealing with Panic at the Surface • A panicked diver at the surface:

10. Escape • A swift, defensive, and forceful action:

11. Defense • It is essential to keep the victim away.

12. Moving an Injured Diver • Move an injured diver if the person is in immediate danger. • Spinal injuries:

13. Removing a Victim from the Water • Buoyancy bounce: • Rescue litters and backboards:

14. Terrain Issues • Docks, beaches, and rocky shorelines:

15. Parbuckling • A relatively easy method using: • ropes, nylon straps or netting to roll the victim on to a boat or dock.

16. Carries and Lifts • Climbing lifts: • Carries on shore or from the water:

17. Dragging a Victim • Bank drags: • When it may be impossible to drag the victim up the bank safely.

18. Shore Carries with Help • Two-person carry: • Three-person carry: • Four-person carry:

19. Surface Rescues End of Unit 11 • Assessing Risk • The Approach • Surface Rescue Priorities • Mouth to Mouth Rescue Breathing • Mouth to Snorkel Rescue Breathing • Pocket Mask Rescue Breathing • Dealing with Panic at the Surface • Escape • Defense • Assessing the Problem • Equipment Considerations

20. Surface Rescues continued • Towing • Auxiliary Surface Rescue Aids • Moving an Injured Diver • Removing a Victim from the Water • Terrain Issues • Parbuckling • Found Objects • Carries and Lifts • Dragging a Victim • Shore Carries with Help

21. Unit 11Surface Rescues • Assessing Risk • The Approach • Surface Rescue Priorities • Mouth to Mouth Rescue Breathing • Mouth to Snorkel Rescue Breathing • Pocket Mask Rescue Breathing • Dealing with Panic at the Surface • Escape • Defense • Assessing the Problem • Equipment Considerations

22. Surface Rescuescontinued • Towing • Auxiliary Surface Rescue Aids • Moving an Injured Diver • Removing a Victim from the Water • Terrain Issues • Parbuckling • Found Objects • Carries and Lifts • Dragging a Victim • Shore Carries with Help

23. Assessing Risk • Act accordingly.

24. The Approach • Planning determines success.

25. Surface Rescue Priorities • Ensure buoyancy. • Ensure breathing.

26. Mouth to Mouth Rescue Breathing • Effective rescue breathing requires:

27. Mouth to Snorkel Rescue Breathing • A much different technique:

28. Pocket Mask Rescue Breathing • An excellent alternative for rescue breathing. • The technique for using the pocket mask:

29. Dealing with Panic at the Surface • A panicked diver at the surface:

30. Escape • A swift, defensive, and forceful action:

31. Defense • It is essential to keep the victim away.

32. Assessing the Problem • The best way to learn what may be wrong.

33. Equipment Considerations • If you decide to strip the gear from the victim:

34. Towing • Towing or assisting an injured or tired diver: • Cylinder Valve, BC, or exposure suit • Wheelbarrow push • Do-si-do

35. Auxiliary Surface Rescue Aids • Boats: • Paddlecraft: • Personal water craft:

36. Moving an Injured Diver • Move an injured diver if the person is in immediate danger. • Spinal injuries:

37. Removing a Victim from the Water • Buoyancy bounce: • Rescue litters and backboards:

38. Terrain Issues • Docks, beaches, and rocky shorelines:

39. Parbuckling • A relatively easy method using: • ropes, nylon straps or netting to roll the victim on to a boat or dock.

40. Carries and Lifts • Climbing lifts: • Carries on shore or from the water:

41. Dragging a Victim • Bank drags: • When it may be impossible to drag the victim up the bank safely.

42. Shore Carries with Help • Two-person carry: • Three-person carry: • Four-person carry:

43. Surface Rescues End of Unit 11 • Assessing Risk • The Approach • Surface Rescue Priorities • Mouth to Mouth Rescue Breathing • Mouth to Snorkel Rescue Breathing • Pocket Mask Rescue Breathing • Dealing with Panic at the Surface • Escape • Defense • Assessing the Problem • Equipment Considerations

44. Surface Rescues continued • Towing • Auxiliary Surface Rescue Aids • Moving an Injured Diver • Removing a Victim from the Water • Terrain Issues • Parbuckling • Found Objects • Carries and Lifts • Dragging a Victim • Shore Carries with Help

45. Unit 12Diver First Aid • The Basics of First Aid • The First Responder at a Diving Accident • General Dive First Aid Principles • First Aid for Common Diving Injuries • Internal Wounds • Head Injuries • Fractures • Cramps • Burns

46. Diver First Aid continued • Marine Animal Injuries • Gas Toxicity • Seasickness • Life-Threatening Emergencies • Blankets, Stretchers and Found Objects

47. The Basics of First Aid • Performing to a level of knowledge and competence:

48. The First Responder at a Diving Accident • Considering the issues in relation to first aid:

49. General Dive First Aid Principles • Steps for a first aid emergency:

50. First Aid for Common Diving Injuries • External wounds: • Internal Wounds: • Head Injuries: • Fractures: • Cramps: • Burns: