Chapter 10 Latin America Today

1. Chapter 10 Latin America Today

2. I. Living in Latin America Developing Countries mainly A. Agriculture Majority of the exports 1. Cash Crops and Livestock Coffee, sugarcane, bananas Some countries depend on one crop Honduras: Bananas Risky for the economy No land left for food Crop failure? Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico raises lots of beef Also Costa Rica, Uruguay, and Paraguay

3. Agriculture cont. 2. Latifundia and Minifundia 1/3 of the people live in rural areas Campesinos: rural workers Latifundias: large farms owned by families or corporations Minifundias: small farms that produce just enough for family use or sale at the local market Most campesinos are very poor The altiplano is among the poorest Only grow beans, corn, potatoes, and cassavas

4. B. Industry Service industries are growing rapidly 1. Industrial Progress Mexico produces cars, electrical goods, and processed foods Maquiladoras: American owned factories in Mexico Ex. Ciudad Juarez Cheap land and labor Have transportation, power and a stable govt. These are the building blocks of industry

5. Industry cont. Progress Brazil produces steel, cars, textiles, cement, paper, machinery, chemicals, airplanes, processed foods, and electrical goods Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, and Venezuela produce handicrafts Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Bolivia produce foods and textiles Bolivia mines tin Caribbean: sugar industry

6. Industry cont. 2. Industrial Development Need money for factories, many do not have Foreign investors Many countries do not have all of the factors of industry

7. C. Trade and Interdependence Few countries make enough goods or grow enough food for their people Rely on each other and countries outside of Latin Am. Dependent on imported goods, raw materials, technology, and capital

8. D. Transportation and Communications Not highly developed because of costs and physical barriers 1. Roads and Railroads Andes and rain forest are a barrier Argentina and Mexico have good roads Autopistas in Mex. Brazil only has 12% of its roads paved Building the Trans-Amazonian Highway Pan-American Hwy.: from northern Mexico to Southern Chile through 17 capitals Mexico, Guatemala, Argentina, and Brazil have good RRs

9. Transportation and Communications cont. 2. Inland Waterways Rio de la Plata Amazon River Basin Panama Canal 3. Air Travel Easiest to fly over the barriers Major cities Mexico City the busiest

10. Transportation and Communications cont. 4. Communications Barriers also hinder communications Millions use telephones Many countries don�t have modern systems Use of satellites for better TV and radio Newspapers and print a major means communication 1/7 of the world�s papers

11. II. People and the Environment A. The Amazon River Basin Covers 2.7 million sq. miles Same as the land east of the Rockies in the U.S. 1. Deforestation 10% already destroyed Slash-and-burn farming Ranches too Lumber companies Many do not reforest People settling there too

12. People and the Environment cont. 2. Major Concerns Upset the oxygen balance of the atmosphere Global warming Extinction of plants and animals Medicine uses? Regenerated forests never as healthy as the original 3. Towards the Future Government regulation awareness

13. People and the Environment cont. B. Population Growth 1. Urban Challenges Poverty, overcrowding, job scarcity, and lack of health services Slums: favelas in Brazil, barriadas in Colombia, and villas miserias in Argentina Air pollution: Mexico City

14. People and the Environment cont. 2. Solutions for One City Mexico City Encouraged business to locate out of the city Promote tourism for more jobs Improve agriculture to keep farmers in the rural areas Cut down number of cars Subways New water system Planted millions of trees