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Northern Renaissance . Italian Influences. The Northern Renaissance began later than the Italian Renaissance Through Trade and interaction over the Alps, ideas began to flow to Northern Europe (Germany, France, England, etc.) . Education.
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Italian Influences • The Northern Renaissance began later than the Italian Renaissance • Through Trade and interaction over the Alps, ideas began to flow to Northern Europe (Germany, France, England, etc.)
Education • In the North many Europeans were open to Italian influences due to the build up of schools and monasteries during the 14th and 15th Centuries. • A system of Elementary schools was being developed in Germany. • Literacy began to rise.
Gutenberg and his printing press • German blacksmith and goldsmith who introduced printing to Europe. • Hisinvention of the mechanical printing press changed reading and writing forever • With the printing press works of literature could be mass produced.
Literature in the Northern Renaissance • With literacy on the rise, and people beginning to think more freely literature too became more free. • Writers such as Thomas More (Utopia), William Shakespeare (Romeo & Juliet), Miguel de Cervantes (Don Quixote de la Mancha)
Rebirth of Philosophy • With an increase in literacy people began to read classic works. • People were no longer limited to religious literature being read to them by a Priest. • Had the freedom to now read religious texts on their own and interpret for themselves.
Humanism • Humanism came out of the Renaissance • It is the idea or line of thinking which places a high value on human beings, individually and as a group • Places and emphasis on rational thought and not blind faith • This line of thinking was a threat to the Church
Ulrich von Hutten • German scholar, poet and reformer with very humanistic ideas • He was an outspoken critic of the Roman Catholic Church • Attempted to lead a Crusade against the Catholic Church • Extremely outspoken for his age
Desiderius Erasmus • Known as Erasmus of Rotterdam • Attempted to bring a humanist approach to Christianity • Did not involve himself in the reformation and continued to respect the authority of the Pope • Saw human flaws as something to find humor in, wrote satire • Pushed for Religious tolerance
Art in the Northern Renaissance • With knowledge spreading at a unprecedented rate people began to express themselves in their art, music, and poetry • Many renaissance themes are present in this art.
Jan van Eyck, Madonna in the Church & Madonna and Chancellor Rolin
The Knight, Death, and the Devil. Albrecht Durer • Self Portrait. Albrecht Durer
