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Understanding Fertilization and Early Embryonic Development

Fertilization occurs when gametes unite to form a zygote, containing 46 chromosomes. This zygote undergoes rapid division through a process called cleavage, resulting in a blastocyst, a "ball of cells." Once implanted in the uterus, differentiation begins, where inner cells evolve into specialized cells that create complex tissues and organ systems. This crucial phase no longer emphasizes formation but instead focuses on growth and specialization of cells, laying the groundwork for all human organ systems during the first trimester of pregnancy.

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Understanding Fertilization and Early Embryonic Development

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  1. Station 2: Specialized Cells

  2. Fertilization • During Fertilization the gametes unite to form the: zygote or fertilized egg 23 + 23 46

  3. The Zygote 46 • Contains the full amount of chromosomes, which is 46 • The zygote then divides by mitosis to form a multi-cellular organism • The specific name given to this type of cell division of the early embryo is called cleavage Cleavage

  4. Cleavage • Zygote begins to divide quickly in the fallopian tube in a process called cleavage • This process leads to the formation of the blastocyst. This structure can be described as a “ball of cells”.

  5. Early Development • Once the embryo has implanted itself in the lining of the uterus, the cell then undergoes a process known as differentiation • The inner cells of the fertilized egg form into “specialized cells”.

  6. - The inner cells of the fertilized egg develop into different cells that then develop into more complex tissues.- These tissues are specialized, meaning they have specific roles in the body depending on the body system they are apart of. - Hence the terms “differentiation” and “specialized” cells.

  7. Embryo • All human organ systems are developed by the: The first three months of pregnancy

  8. Embryonic growth • Growth of the embryo occurs for the next six months of the pregnancy

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