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Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program

Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program. Session IV.3 Review of the Seismology component of the training course April 6, 2006 Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program. Key topics covered in the seismology component of the course:

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Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program

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  1. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program Session IV.3 Review of the Seismology component of the training course April 6, 2006 Sri Lanka

  2. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program • Key topics covered in the seismology component of the course: • Global distribution and frequency of earthquakes. • Elastic rebound theory. • The particle motion and path through the Earth of major seismic phases (P, S, Surface waves). • Identification of P, S and surface wave arrivals on a seismogram. • Earthquake magnitude scales. • The principles of hypocentral location. • Focal mechanisms. • Recording station operations and seismic networks

  3. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program Handout pages 63, 75-80

  4. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program Frequency distribution of earthquakes Log N = a - bM Handout pages 101-114

  5. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program • Key topics covered in the seismology component of the course: • Global distribution and frequency of earthquakes. • Elastic rebound theory. • The particle motion and path through the Earth of major seismic phases (P, S, Surface waves). • Identification of P, S and surface wave arrivals on a seismogram. • Earthquake magnitude scales. • The principles of hypocentral location. • Focal mechanisms. • Recording station operations and seismic networks

  6. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program Elastic Rebound Theory Handout pages: 62, 95

  7. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program • Key topics covered in the seismology component of the course: • Global distribution and frequency of earthquakes. • Elastic rebound theory. • The particle motion and path through the Earth of major seismic phases (P, S, Surface waves). • Identification of P, S and surface wave arrivals on a seismogram. • Earthquake magnitude scales. • The principles of hypocentral location. • Focal mechanisms. • Recording station operations and seismic networks

  8. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program Handout pages: 48-60, 72

  9. Forward Branch Shadow Zone Forward Branch Backward Branch P waves

  10. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program Ray paths Handout pages: 82-94 . “Whole Earth Geophysics” by Robert J. Lillie

  11. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program • Key topics covered in the seismology component of the course: • Global distribution and frequency of earthquakes. • Elastic rebound theory. • The particle motion and path through the Earth of major seismic phases (P, S, Surface waves). • Identification of P, S and surface wave arrivals on a seismogram. • Earthquake magnitude scales. • The principles of hypocentral location. • Focal mechanisms. • Recording station operations and seismic networks

  12. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program P S vertical Rayleigh Waves radial transverse Love Waves Handout page 70

  13. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program • Key topics covered in the seismology component of the course: • Global distribution and frequency of earthquakes. • Elastic rebound theory. • The particle motion and path through the Earth of major seismic phases (P, S, Surface waves). • Identification of P, S and surface wave arrivals on a seismogram. • Earthquake magnitude scales. • The principles of hypocentral location. • Focal mechanisms. • Recording station operations and seismic networks

  14. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program Types of Magnitude Scales Period Range ML Local magnitude (California) regional S and 0.1-1 sec surface waves Mj JMA (Japan Meteorol. Agency) regional S and 5-10 sec surface waves mb Body wave magnitude teleseismic P waves 1-5 sec Ms Surface wave magnitude teleseismic surface 20 sec waves Mw Moment magnitude teleseismic surface > 200 sec waves Mwp P-wave moment magnitude teleseismic P waves 10-60 sec Mm Mantle magnitude teleseismic surface > 200 sec waves

  15. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program Relationship between different types of magnitudes Handout pages: 65-69, 118-121, 125-126

  16. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program • Key topics covered in the seismology component of the course: • Global distribution and frequency of earthquakes. • Elastic rebound theory. • The particle motion and path through the Earth of major seismic phases (P, S, Surface waves). • Identification of P, S and surface wave arrivals on a seismogram. • Earthquake magnitude scales. • The principles of hypocentral location. • Focal mechanisms. • Recording station operations and seismic networks

  17. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program hypocentral locations Handout pages: 64, 115-117 & Dr Kayal’s notes on the CD . “Whole Earth Geophysics” by Robert J. Lillie

  18. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program • Key topics covered in the seismology component of the course: • Global distribution and frequency of earthquakes. • Elastic rebound theory. • The particle motion and path through the Earth of major seismic phases (P, S, Surface waves). • Identification of P, S and surface wave arrivals on a seismogram. • Earthquake magnitude scales. • The principles of hypocentral location. • Focal mechanisms. • Recording station operations and seismic networks

  19. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program . “Whole Earth Geophysics” by Robert J. Lillie Handout pages 73-75, 98-100, 122-124

  20. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program • Key topics covered in the seismology component of the course: • Global distribution and frequency of earthquakes. • Elastic rebound theory. • The particle motion and path through the Earth of major seismic phases (P, S, Surface waves). • Identification of P, S and surface wave arrivals on a seismogram. • Earthquake magnitude scales. • The principles of hypocentral location. • Focal mechanisms. • Recording station operations and seismic networks

  21. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program Vault of an observatory Handout pages: 127-130

  22. Sri Lanka Earthquake & Tsunami Warning Training Program Handout pages 131-132

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