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Growth Hormone and Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone

Growth Hormone and Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone. Stevie. Growth Hormone. Protein hormone made of ~ 190 amino acids Made in A nterior Pituitary by somatotroph cells. Direct Effects of GH.

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Growth Hormone and Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone

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  1. Growth Hormone and Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone Stevie

  2. Growth Hormone • Protein hormone made of ~ 190 amino acids • Made in Anterior Pituitary by somatotroph cells

  3. Direct Effects of GH • Binds to adipocytes and causes them to break down triglycerides and prevents them from accumulating fat in the blood • Releases insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)

  4. Indirect Effects of GH • Stimulates: • Cartilage cells (chrondrocytes) growth • Myoblasts growth and differentiation • Amino Acid uptake • Protein synthesis

  5. Other Effects • Keeps blood glucose at healthy levels • Prevents insulin from absorbing glucose in tissue • Causes creation of glucose in the liver • In mature cows, it stimulates lactation

  6. GH Secretion • Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone: causes production and release of GH • Somatostatin: inhibits release of GH • Grehlin: secreted from stomach, binds to somatotrophs and causes secretion of GH

  7. Negative Feedback Loop • If blood levels of IGF-1 are too high, somatotrophs are suppressed and somatostatin is released • GH also circles back to hypothalamus and inhibits release • Scientists believe GH has an autocrine effect on somatostatin • This leads to GH inhibition

  8. Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone • Increases milk production by 10-15% • Regulates efficiency of feed conversion to milk • rBGH mimics the effects of growth hormone • Growth Hormone is a naturally occurring hormone produced in the anterior pituitary

  9. How rBGH works • Created using recombinant DNA technology • The gene sequence for this hormone is injected into e. coli • E. coli then produces GH • This is purified and injected into dairy cows • Broken down once it enters digestive system • Called Posilac

  10. How rBGH works • Cows lactate 305 days after calving, but their peak in lactation is between 45-90 days • Farmers administer rBGH just before peak lactation • rBGH prevents mammary cell death • Fat is broken down and sent to mammary cells

  11. References • "Bovine Somatotropin." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 09 Jan. 2014. Web. 14 Sept. 2014. • Bowen, R. "Growth Hormone." Growth Hormone. Colorado State, 24 Dec. 2006. Web. 14 Sept. 2014.

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